The impacts of agate exploitation on soils and the adjacent landscapes are poorly understood. In addition, agate processing produces residues whose potential use in agriculture must be evaluated, in order to develop cleaner production practices. The aims of this study were: i) to estimate the effects of agate mining on the soil and the adjacent landscapes; ii) to evaluate the chemical and mineralogical composition of agate; and iii) to test the use of agate powder in native grassland soils. Remote sensing techniques were used to map the soil uses around mine sites to evaluate their interference with the adjacent landscapes. Agate powder, an industrial residue, was chemically and mineralogically characterized, and its effects on soil were tested. We used 0; 1000; 2000; 4000 and 8000 kg ha⁻¹ of agate powder applied to natural grassland in a randomized block design experiment with four replications. The application was repeated in the 47th week after the initial application. The findings showed that the mines had a weak effect on the surrounding landscapes (i.e., native forest, native pasture and annual crops). However, locally, the soil organic matter contents of mine areas decreased, while the potential acidity and toxic aluminum levels increased. Low doses of agate used in rangeland soils had a healthy effect on soil pH, potential acidity and toxic aluminum, while high doses decreased the available K in soil and in the dry matter of the rangeland plants. Little effects were observed on the Si content in the soil or in the plants. Finally, our study highlights that agate exploitation has local impacts on the soil and adjacent landscapes and that agate residue may be used in rangelands at low doses with beneficial results for some soil attributes. These results consists in cleaner production practices for beneficing industry, farmers and environmental since preserving rangeland areas.

人们对玛瑙开采对土壤和邻近景观的影响知之甚少。此外，玛瑙加工会产生残留物，必须评估其在农业中的潜在用途，以便开发更清洁的生产方法。这项研究的目的是：i）估计玛瑙开采对土壤和邻近景观的影响；ii）评估玛瑙的化学和矿物组成；iii）测试玛瑙粉在天然草原土壤中的使用。遥感技术用于绘制矿场周围的土壤利用图，以评估其对邻近景观的干扰。对玛瑙粉末（一种工业残留物）进行了化学和矿物学表征，并测试了其对土壤的影响。我们使用0；1000; 2000; 4000和8000 kg公顷^-1随机重复的块状设计实验中，将天然玛瑙粉应用于天然草原，重复四次。初次申请后第47周重复申请。调查结果表明，这些地雷对周围景观（即原生森林，原生牧场和一年生作物）的影响较小。然而，在当地，矿区的土壤有机质含量下降，而潜在的酸度和有毒铝含量增加。在牧场土壤中使用低剂量的玛瑙对土壤pH值，潜在的酸度和有毒的铝具有健康的影响，而高剂量的玛瑙会降低土壤和牧场植物干物质中的有效钾。对土壤或植物中的硅含量影响很小。最后，我们的研究强调，玛瑙开采会对土壤和邻近景观产生局部影响，玛瑙残留物可在低剂量的牧场中使用，对某些土壤属性具有有益的结果。这些结果包括自保护牧场地区以来，对工业，农民和环境有利的清洁生产实践。