Abstract The main objective of the work was to investigate how the dynamics of inhalation affect aerosol release process in real-time, with an unsteady airflow through passive dry powder inhalers (DPIs) of comparable airflow resistance, but different principle of powder release. It consists of two complementary studies, concerning dynamics of controlled aerosol release (emission kinetics) and dynamics of aerosol generation (aerosol size characteristics in time series).Aerosol behavior of the powder was studied experimentally at the outlet of the inhalers: RS01 inhaler (Plastiape Spa, Osnago LC, Lombardy, Italy) and Turbospin (Ph&T, Milano, Lombardy, Italy). Two breathing profiles were analyzed throughout the study. Timing of aerosol emission was done by light scattering. Aerosol characterization was done by laser diffraction. It resulted in time evolution of volume concentration and volumetric particle size distribution.Both the design of the passive DPI inhaler and the dynamics of the inhalation (along with its intensification) influence the course of the aerosol generation and emission. The process of aerosol emission occurs only in the initial part of the inhalation process, before the peak inspiratory flow rate is established. This part is strongly responsible for the quality of the aerosol emitted from the device and consequently will potentially influence the drug delivery.

中文翻译：

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气溶胶产生和释放的动力学——干粉吸入器性能考虑

摘要 这项工作的主要目的是研究吸入动力学如何实时影响气溶胶释放过程，通过具有可比气流阻力的被动干粉吸入器 (DPI) 的不稳定气流，但粉末释放原理不同。它由两项互补的研究组成，涉及受控气溶胶释放动力学（排放动力学）和气溶胶生成动力学（时间序列中的气溶胶尺寸特征）。在吸入器出口处对粉末的气溶胶行为进行了实验研究：RS01 吸入器（Plastiape Spa，Osnago LC，Lombardy，意大利）和 Turbospin（Ph&T，Milano，Lombardy，意大利）。在整个研究过程中分析了两种呼吸曲线。气溶胶发射的时间是通过光散射来完成的。通过激光衍射进行气溶胶表征。它导致体积浓度和体积粒度分布的时间演变。被动 DPI 吸入器的设计和吸入动力学（连同其强化）都会影响气溶胶生成和排放的过程。气溶胶排放过程仅发生在吸入过程的初始部分，即建立峰值吸气流速之前。这部分对从装置释放的气溶胶的质量负有很大责任，因此可能会影响药物输送。气溶胶排放过程仅发生在吸入过程的初始部分，即建立峰值吸气流速之前。这部分对从装置释放的气溶胶的质量负有很大责任，因此可能会影响药物输送。气溶胶排放过程仅发生在吸入过程的初始部分，即建立峰值吸气流速之前。这部分对从装置释放的气溶胶的质量负有很大责任，因此可能会影响药物输送。