Nanostructured porous silicon materials have recently advanced as hosts for Li-metal plating. However, limitations involve detrimental silicon self-pulverization, Li-dendrites, and the ability to achieve wafer-level integration of non-composite, pure silicon anodes. compo. Herein, full cells featuring low-resistance, wafer-scale porous crystalline silicon (PCS) anodes are embedded with a nanoporous Li-plating and diffusion-regulating surface layer upon combined wafer surface cleaning (SC) and anodization. LL Lithiophilic surface formation is illustrated via correlation of surface groups and X-ray structure. Low-cost SC-PCS anodes require no composite formulation, and pre-lithiation enables sustainable Li-metal plating/stripping on the lithiophilic surface and in SC-PCS bulk nanostructure. Anodization time and C-rate determined competitive full cell performance: NMC811 | 4800 s SC-PCS: 195 mAh/g (99.9% coulombic efficiency [C.E.], C/3, 50 cycles), 165 mAh/g, 587 Wh/kg (97.1% C.E., C/3 and C/2 rate, 350 cycles), 24 Ω∗cm² SC-PCS-resistivity (900 cycles); 160 μm LCO | 500 s SC-PCS: 102 mAh/g (94.1% C.E., 1C, 350 cycles).

纳米结构的多孔硅材料最近已成为锂金属电镀的主体。但是，局限性包括有害的硅自粉碎，锂枝晶以及实现非复合纯硅阳极的晶圆级集成的能力。组合 在这里，具有低电阻，晶圆级多孔晶体硅（PCS）阳极的全电池在结合晶圆表面清洁（SC）和阳极氧化处理后，嵌入了纳米多孔的Li镀层和扩散调节表面层。通过表面基团与X射线结构的相关性说明了LL Lithiophilic表面的形成。低成本的SC-PCS阳极无需复合配方，预锂化可在亲硫表面和SC-PCS本体纳米结构中实现可持续的Li-metal电镀/剥离。NMC811 |阳极氧化时间和C速率决定了完整电池的竞争性能 4800 s SC-PCS：195 mAh / g（99.9％库仑效率[CE]，C / 3、50个循环），165 mAh / g，587 Wh / kg（97.1％CE，C / 3和C / 2速率， 350次），24Ω* cm^2个SC-PCS电阻率（900个周期）; 160μmLCO | 500 s SC-PCS：102 mAh / g（94.1％CE，1C，350个循环）。