Women and men have different levels of risk for a variety of brain disorders. Despite this well-known epidemiological finding, preclinical work utilizing animal models has historically only included male animals. The policies of funders to require consideration of sex as a biological variable has shifted the momentum to include female animals in preclinical neuroscience and to report findings by sex. However, there are many biological questions related to brain health that go beyond sex differences and are indeed specific to women. Here, the focus is on why animal models should be utilized in the pursuit of understanding women's brain health, a brief overview of what they have provided thus far, and why they still hold tremendous promise. This review concludes with a set of suggestions for how to begin to pursue translational animal models in a way that facilitates rapid success and harnesses the most powerful aspects of animal models.

中文翻译：

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为女性大脑健康建立的动物模型：进步和潜力

女性和男性患各种脑部疾病的风险不同。尽管有这个众所周知的流行病学发现，但利用动物模型的临床前工作历来只包括雄性动物。资助者要求将性别作为生物变量考虑的政策已经改变了将雌性动物纳入临床前神经科学并按性别报告研究结果的势头。然而，有许多与大脑健康相关的生物学问题超出了性别差异，而且确实是女性特有的。在这里，重点是为什么应该使用动物模型来了解女性的大脑健康，对它们迄今为止提供的内容的简要概述，以及为什么它们仍然具有巨大的前景。