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Biomolecular condensates in photosynthesis and metabolism.
Current Opinion in Plant Biology ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-20 , DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2020.08.006
Tobias Wunder 1 , Oliver Mueller-Cajar 1
Affiliation  

The transient assembly or sequestration of enzymes into clusters permits the channeling of metabolites, but requires spatiotemporal control. Liquid liquid phase separation (LLPS) has recently emerged as a fundamental concept enabling formation of such assemblies into non-membrane bound organelles. The role of LLPS in the formation of condensates containing the CO2-fixing enzyme Rubisco has recently become appreciated. Both prokaryotic carboxysomes and eukaryotic pyrenoids enhance the carboxylation reaction by enabling the saturation of the enzyme with CO2 gas. Biochemical reconstitution and structural biology are revealing the mechanistic basis of these photosynthetic condensates. At the same time other enzyme clusters, such as purinosomes for de-novo purine biosynthesis and G-bodies containing glycolytic enzymes, are emerging to behave like phase-separated systems. In the near future we anticipate details of many more such metabolic condensates to be revealed, deeply informing our ability to influence metabolic fluxes.



中文翻译:

光合作用和代谢中的生物分子缩合物。

酶的瞬时组装或螯合成簇允许代谢产物的通道化,但需要时空控制。液相-液相分离(LLPS)最近已成为一个基本概念,能够将此类组件形成非膜结合的细胞器。LLPS在含有CO 2固定酶Rubisco的缩合物的形成中的作用最近已被人们所认识。通过使酶被CO 2饱和,原核羧基体和真核类胡萝卜素均可增强羧化反应加油站。生化重建和结构生物学正在揭示这些光合冷凝物的机理基础。同时,其他酶簇,例如用于新的嘌呤生物合成的嘌呤体和含有糖酵解酶的G体,也开始表现出相分离系统的作用。在不久的将来,我们预计将揭示更多此类代谢冷凝物的细节,从而深刻告知我们影响代谢通量的能力。

更新日期:2020-09-20
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