Conductive polymers (CPs) are gaining considerable attention as materials for implantable bioelectronics due to their unique features such as electronic-ionic hybrid conductivity, mechanical softness, ease of chemical modification, as well as moderate biocompatibility. CPs have been utilized for a wide range of applications including neural engineering, regenerative medicine, multi-functional sensors and actuators. This review focuses on CP materials design for use in bio-interfacing electronics including composites, conductive hydrogels, and electrochemical deposition. We start by elaborating on the fundamental materials characteristics of CPs, including bio-electrochemical charge-transfer mechanisms, and contrast them with naturally derived CPs. We then present recent critical examples of the bioelectronic and biomedical applications of CPs, including neural recording and stimulation, tissue regeneration, stretchable electronics, and mechanical actuation. We conclude with a perspective of the current material challenges of CPs in bio-interfacing electronics.

导电聚合物（CPs）由于其独特的特性（例如电子-离子混合导电性，机械柔软性，易于化学修饰以及适度的生物相容性）而作为可植入生物电子材料受到了广泛关注。CP已被广泛应用，包括神经工程，再生医学，多功能传感器和执行器。这篇综述着重于用于生物界面电子设备的CP材料设计，包括复合材料，导电水凝胶和电化学沉积。我们首先详细介绍CP的基本材料特性，包括生物电化学电荷转移机制，然后将它们与天然CP进行对比。然后，我们将介绍CP的生物电子和生物医学应用的最新关键示例，包括神经记录和刺激，组织再生，可伸缩电子设备和机械驱动。我们以生物接口电子产品中CP的当前材料挑战的观点作为结束。