Introduction

For decades, researchers have tried to understand the moderating effect of APOE ε4 carriage on the relationship between physical activity (PA), brain health and dementia risk. However, this field has produced inconsistent findings.

Method

We conducted a systematic review of the literature, searching for observational and interventional studies examining the effect of APOE ε4 carriage on the relationships between PA, dementia risk and different markers of brain health.

Results

Observational studies using dementia risk as a primary outcome measure generally found that in shorter follow-up periods (up to 10 years) both APOE ε4 carriers and non-carriers benefit from PA, although longer follow-ups showed mixed results. In neuroimaging studies, mainly carriers or both groups showed benefits. Additionally, the association between PA and amyloid burden was more evident among carriers. Overall, studies with greater samples of active APOE ε4 carriers are more likely to report benefits within this group in terms of lower dementia risk and reduced brain pathology.

Discussion

Although we have identified some patterns for the modulating effect of APOE ε4 on PA and dementia or brain pathology, the available data is, overall, inconclusive. Heterogeneity in study design, methodology, and outcomes blur the ability to detect clear associations.

中文翻译：

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APOE基因型是否会调节身体活动、大脑健康和痴呆风险之间的关系？系统评价。

介绍

几十年来，研究人员一直试图了解携带APOE ε4 对身体活动 (PA)、大脑健康和痴呆风险之间关系的调节作用。然而，该领域产生了不一致的发现。

方法

我们对文献进行了系统回顾，寻找观察性和干预性研究，检查APOE ε4 携带对 PA、痴呆风险和不同脑健康标志物之间关系的影响。

结果

使用痴呆风险作为主要结果指标的观察性研究通常发现，在较短的随访期（长达 10 年）中，APOE ε4 携带者和非携带者都从 PA 中受益，尽管较长的随访显示出不同的结果。在神经影像学研究中，主要是携带者或两组都显示出益处。此外，PA 与淀粉样蛋白负荷之间的关联在携带者中更为明显。总体而言，对更多活跃APOE ε4 携带者样本的研究更有可能报告该组在降低痴呆风险和减少脑部病变方面的益处。

讨论

尽管我们已经确定了APOE ε4 对 PA 和痴呆或脑病理学的调节作用的一些模式，但总体而言，现有数据尚无定论。研究设计、方法和结果的异质性模糊了检测明确关联的能力。