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Relating Sediment Yield Estimations to the Wet Front Term Using Rainfall Simulator Field Experiments
Water Resources Management ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-18 , DOI: 10.1007/s11269-020-02664-8
Akbar Norouzi-Shokrlu , Mehdi Pajouhesh , Khodayar Abdollahi

Depth to wet front is generally considered as the amount of water that penetrates into soil and wets the internal soil layer. This is an important variable especially in applications such as runoff generation and sediment yield estimation. This variable in some cases is used in the hydrological science, in the form of a proxy for infiltration as an important factor in soil erosion processes. This work deals with estimating event-based suspended sediment yield in relation to depth to wet front to capture the significance of the depth to wet front in Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (MUSLE). In this field study, a rainfall simulator equipped with drip systems installed over an experimental hillslope plot was used to generate rainfall with intensities of 45, 60, and 70 mm/h over three slopes 10, 20, and 30% with three repetitions. The coefficient of determination (R2) and the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (ECNS) were applied as performance metrics for the model. The results revealed that storm rainfall energy or Erosivity Index (EI30) itself was not suitable for estimating the sediment yield. On the other hand, incorporating both EI30 and rainfall-runoff resulted in higher model efficiency. Upon addition of the depth to wet factor into MUSLE model, a greater efficiency was obtained. Further, the results of event-based simulated and observed sediment indicated that they closely corresponded to a straight line (푅2 = 0.94 and NSE = 0.93). Thus, the depth to wet front was a useful variable in sediment yield simulation. The Nash efficiency coefficient and correlation factor for the estimation total sediment yield were obtained (R2 = 0.93; NSE : 0.92) for both calibration and (R2 = 0.93; NSE : 0.86) validation stages. The result suggests that consideration of the depth to wet front in MUSLE model may lead to improved hydrological and sediment applications.



中文翻译:

使用降雨模拟器田间试验将泥沙产量估算与湿锋期联系起来

到湿锋的深度通常被认为是渗入土壤并润湿内部土壤层的水量。这是一个重要的变量,尤其是在径流生成和泥沙产量估算等应用中。在某些情况下,此变量在水文科学中以渗透的替代形式使用,它是土壤侵蚀过程中的重要因素。这项工作涉及估算与湿锋深度相关的基于事件的悬浮沉积物产量,以捕获修正的通用土壤流失方程(MUSLE)中的深度到湿锋的重要性。在本田间研究中,使用安装在实验性山坡地块上的滴水模拟器(安装有滴灌系统)在三个坡度10、20和30%上以三个重复生成强度分别为45、60和70 mm / h的降雨。2)和纳什-苏特克利夫效率(ECNS)被用作模型的性能指标。结果表明,暴雨降雨能量或侵蚀指数(EI30)本身不适合估算泥沙产量。另一方面,将EI30和降雨径流融为一体可提高模型效率。在MUSLE模型中增加湿因子深度后,可获得更高的效率。此外,基于事件的模拟沉积物和观测沉积物的结果表明,它们与一条直线非常接近(푅 2  = 0.94,NSE = 0.93)。因此,湿前深度是沉积物产量模拟中的一个有用变量。获得估算总泥沙产量的纳什效率系数和相关因子(R 2 = 0.93; 校准和(R 2  = 0.93; NSE:0.86)验证阶段的NSE:0.92)。结果表明,在MUSLE模型中考虑到湿锋的深度可能会改善水文和沉积物的应用。

更新日期:2020-09-20
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