MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a type of endogenous non-coding small RNA, with a length of 20 to 24 nt, represses their target gene expression post-transcriptionally. There are a growing number of studies have discovered that miRNAs are found in animals and plants. Plant miRNAs are involved in growth and development, and they play an important role in physiological and biochemical regulation. This review mainly focuses on components of different miRNA processing pathways and how miRNA effectors inhibit the expression of target genes in plants. We discuss not only the various pathways affecting miRNA biogenesis, but also the different forms of miRNA effector pathways. Previous studies found that there have been some primary advances in the formation of miRNAs, we hope to provide a comprehensive introduction to the biogenesis of plant miRNAs.

中文翻译：

---

植物中的微小RNA生物发生

MicroRNA (miRNA) 是一种内源性非编码小 RNA，长度为 20 至 24 nt，在转录后抑制其靶基因表达。越来越多的研究发现，在动物和植物中都发现了 miRNA。植物miRNA参与生长发育，在生理生化调控中发挥重要作用。本综述主要关注不同miRNA加工途径的成分以及miRNA效应子如何抑制植物中靶基因的表达。我们不仅讨论了影响 miRNA 生物发生的各种途径，而且还讨论了 miRNA 效应途径的不同形式。以往的研究发现在miRNAs的形成方面取得了一些初步进展，我们希望为植物miRNAs的生物发生提供一个全面的介绍。