Introduction

Nematodes were found in the digestive tracts of 15 short-beaked echidnas Tachyglossus aculeatus (Shaw, 1792) collected from southwestern Australia between August 1964 and March 2020.

Methods

Specimens were prepared for microscopic examination as temporary wet mounts, measurements were made, figures prepared using a drawing tube and light micrographs taken. All nematodes were identified to at least genus level and a bootstrap analysis of the helminth community was carried out.

Results

Two previously described species, one species identified to genus and one new nematode species were recovered, including Nicollina ridei (Nicollinidae), Parapharyngodon anomalus (Pharyngodonidae), Parastrongyloides sp. (Strongyloididae) and Echidnonema coronorum n. g., n. sp. (Subuluridae, Echidnonematinae n. sf.). Echidnonema coronorum n. sp. can be distinguished from all other subulurids in having a mouth encircled by six leaf-like elements separated by six small pointed elements. The buccal complex is also unique to this species and is composed of three parts, including an anterior buccal capsule and a posterior pharyngeal portion divided into two; the proximal part contains lobes which are ornamented with numerous irregular teeth. A bootstrap estimate of species richness of 99.9% indicated that there were few, if any, additional species to be discovered in the southwestern Australian population of short-beaked echidnas.

Conclusion

Morphological analysis supports the status of E. coronorum as a new species and the erection of the Echidnonematinae as a new subfamily to accommodate it. The helminth community of the population of short-beaked echidnas studied appears to be depauperate and contains species unique to the region.

中文翻译：

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对来自澳大利亚西南部的短喙针鼹 (Monotremata: Tachyglossidae) 的线虫寄生虫的调查，并描述了新亚科、新亚科、属和种 Travassos，1914 年（线虫：蛔虫）。

简介

在1964 年 8 月至 2020 年 3 月期间从澳大利亚西南部收集的 15 只短喙针鼹(Shaw, 1792)的消化道中发现了线虫。

方法

准备样品作为临时湿安装件进行显微镜检查，进行测量，使用拉管绘制图形并拍摄光学显微照片。所有线虫至少被鉴定到属水平，并且进行了蠕虫群落的引导分析。

结果

恢复了两种先前描述的物种，一种被确定为属的物种和一种新的线虫物种，包括Nicollinaridei（Nicollinidae）、Paropharyngodon anomalus（Pharyngodonidae）、Parastrongyloides sp。(Strongyloididae) 和Echidnonema coronorum ng, n. sp. (Subuluridae, Echidnonematinae n. sf.)。针鼹n. sp. 可以区别于所有其他 subulurids，因为它的嘴被六个叶状元素环绕，被六个小尖元素隔开。颊部复合体也是该物种独有的，由三部分组成，包括前颊囊和分为两部分的后咽部；近端有裂片，裂片上饰有许多不规则的牙齿。对 99.9% 的物种丰富度的引导估计表明，在澳大利亚西南部的短喙针鼹种群中发现的其他物种很少（如果有的话）。

结论

形态学分析支持E. coronorum作为新物种的地位，以及 Echidnonematinae 作为新亚科的建立以适应它。研究的短喙针鼹种群的蠕虫群落似乎已经枯竭，并且包含该地区特有的物种。