Abstract

This article contains theoretical analysis and experimental study of the original mechatronics system with flexible characteristics which we can adapt to changing needs and external interference. The main purpose of our research is to find a solution that allows tailoring the desired characteristics of systems regardless of changing conditions without their mechanical interference. The system consists of the guide endowed with mass suspended in the air by the linear aerostatic bearing. Linear mechanical spring is attached to the one side of the guide whereas the neodymium magnet is fixed to the other side. Magnet-magnet and magnet-coil interactions have been investigated. The magnet-magnet interaction plays the role of the nonlinear magnetic spring while the magnet-coil interaction plays the role of the electromagnetic spring or electromagnetic damper in terms of the coil current signal. Static and dynamic characteristics of mechanical, magnetic and electromagnetic springs have been analyzed. A new physical model of the magnet-magnet interaction has been presented, the validity of which is confirmed experimentally. In addition, modern IT (information technology) techniques have been used to control the system behavior. The reliable results of the entire system and its springs are obtained by conducting tests on specially constructed laboratory setup. The main benefit of the fabricated setup concerns an elimination of dry friction effects though the frictions is viscous with identifiable movement resistance.

摘要

本文包含对原始机电一体化系统的理论分析和实验研究，该系统具有灵活的特点，可以适应不断变化的需求和外部干扰。我们研究的主要目的是找到一种解决方案，可以在不受机械干扰的情况下定制系统所需的特性，而不受条件变化的影响。该系统由通过线性空气静力轴承赋予悬浮在空气中的质量的导轨组成。线性机械弹簧安装在导轨的一侧，而钕磁铁固定在另一侧。已经研究了磁体-磁体和磁体-线圈相互作用。就线圈电流信号而言，磁体-磁体相互作用起到非线性磁弹簧的作用，而磁体-线圈相互作用起到电磁弹簧或电磁阻尼器的作用。分析了机械、磁性和电磁弹簧的静态和动态特性。提出了一种新的磁铁-磁铁相互作用的物理模型，其有效性得到了实验证实。此外，现代 IT（信息技术）技术已被用于控制系统行为。整个系统及其弹簧的可靠结果是通过在专门构建的实验室设置上进行测试获得的。制造装置的主要好处是消除干摩擦效应，尽管摩擦是粘性的，具有可识别的运动阻力。