ABSTRACT: Between 2007 and 2013, before the 2013 cetacean morbillivirus outbreak, 26 fresh bottlenose dolphin carcasses were necropsied on the coast of Georgia, USA. Here, we present the pathological and microbiological findings associated with their most likely causes of death. The primary cause of death was determined in 25 individuals and included systemic bacterial infection (n = 7), verminous and bacterial bronchopneumonia (n = 5), drowning/entanglement (n = 5), disseminated histoplasmosis (n = 1), intestinal intussusception (n = 1), vegetative endocarditis (n = 1), meningitis (n = 1), necrotizing dermatitis (n = 1), disseminated angiomatosis (n = 1), emaciation (n = 1) and stingray spine trauma (n = 1). Histiocytic and eosinophilic bronchopneumonia associated with Halocerchus sp. infection was observed in 69% of the animals (18/26) and eosinophilic gastritis due to Anisakidae nematodes was found in 36% of the examined stomachs (8/22). Moderate to severe eosinophilic pancreatitis with fibrosis was observed in 4 animals infected with Brachycladiidae trematodes. Proliferative and ulcerative lymphoplasmacytic dermatitis was found in 5 animals and was considered to contribute to deteriorated health status in 2 calves. Pulmonary and lymph node angiomatosis were observed in 15 and 10 animals, respectively. In at least 2 animals, the concentration of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the blubber exceeded 1500 µg g^-1 of lipid. Bottlenose dolphins stranded on the Georgia coast have a wide range of inflammatory lesions associated with a variety of helminth, bacterial, and fungal pathogens. Some resident animals have also been exposed to high levels of PCB contamination, which could reduce host immunocompetence. Higher exposure to these or other pathogens could result in further decline in the health of resident and migrant dolphin populations in this region.

中文翻译：

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在美国佐治亚州沿海搁浅的宽吻海豚Tursiops truncatus的病理发现和死亡原因（2007-2013年）。

摘要：在2007年至2013年之间，即2013年鲸类柯波虫病毒爆发之前，在美国乔治亚州海岸对26只新鲜的宽吻海豚尸体进行了尸检。在这里，我们介绍与它们最可能的死亡原因相关的病理和微生物学发现。确定的主要死亡原因是25名个体，包括系统性细菌感染（n = 7），蠕虫和细菌性支气管肺炎（n = 5），溺水/缠结（n = 5），弥漫性组织胞浆菌病（n = 1），肠套叠（n = 1），植物性心内膜炎（n = 1），脑膜炎（n = 1），坏死性皮炎（n = 1），弥漫性血管病（n = 1），消瘦（n = 1）和黄貂鱼脊柱外伤（n = 1）。与嗜血杆菌相关的组织细胞和嗜酸性支气管肺炎sp。在69％的动物中观察到感染（18/26），在36％的被检查胃中发现了由于Anisakidae线虫引起的嗜酸性胃炎（8/22）。在感染了短节肢吸虫的4只动物中观察到了中度至重度的嗜酸性嗜酸性胰腺炎。在5只动物中发现了增生性和溃疡性淋巴浆细胞性皮炎，并被认为导致了两只小牛的健康状况恶化。在15和10只动物中分别观察到了肺和淋巴结血管瘤病。至少有2只动物的脂中多氯联苯（PCB）的浓度超过1500 µg g ^-1脂质。滞留在佐治亚州海岸的宽吻海豚具有多种与多种蠕虫，细菌和真菌病原体相关的炎性病变。一些常驻动物也曾暴露于高水平的多氯联苯污染，这可能会降低宿主的免疫能力。对这些病原体或其他病原体的更多接触可能导致该地区居民和迁徙海豚种群的健康状况进一步下降。