For many bacteria, successful growth and survival depends on efficient adaptation to rapidly changing conditions. In Escherichia coli, the RpoS alternative sigma factor plays a central role in the adaptation to many suboptimal growth conditions by controlling the expression of many genes that protect the cell from stress and help the cell scavenge nutrients. Neither RpoS or the genes it controls are essential for growth and, as a result, the composition of the regulon and the nature of RpoS control in E. coli strains can be variable. RpoS controls many genetic systems, including those affecting pathogenesis, phenotypic traits including metabolic pathways and biofilm formation, and the expression of genes needed to survive nutrient deprivation. In this review, I review the origin of RpoS and assess recent transcriptomic and proteomic studies to identify features of the RpoS regulon in specific clades of E. coli to identify core functions of the regulon and to identify more specialized potential roles for the regulon in E. coli subgroups.

对于许多细菌而言，成功的生长和存活取决于对迅速变化的条件的有效适应。在大肠杆菌，RpoS替代sigma因子通过控制许多保护细胞免受压力并帮助细胞清除营养的基因的表达，在适应许多次优生长条件中起着核心作用。RpoS或它控制的基因对于生长都是必不可少的，因此，调控基因的组成和RpoS调控的本质是大肠杆菌应变可以是可变的。RpoS控制着许多遗传系统，包括那些影响发病机理的系统，包括代谢途径和生物膜形成在内的表型性状，以及在营养缺乏的情况下生存所需的基因表达。在这篇综述中，我回顾了RpoS的起源，并评估了最近的转录组学和蛋白质组学研究，以鉴定RpoS调节子在特定进化枝中的特征。大肠杆菌 来确定调节剂的核心功能，并为调节剂确定更专业的潜在角色 大肠杆菌 亚组。