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ROR agonist hampers the proliferation and survival of postactivated CD8+ T cells through the downregulation of cholesterol synthesis‐related genes
Immunology and Cell Biology ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-17 , DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12406
Zimeng Cai 1 , Taishin Ishibashi 1 , Mina Kozai 1 , Hironobu Mita 1 , Shangyi Wang 1 , Kensuke Takada 1 , Mutsumi Inaba 1
Affiliation  

Cholesterol is a major component of the lipid bilayers of cellular membranes. The synthesis of cholesterol is acutely elevated during T‐cell activation to support T‐cell growth and proliferation. There is a limited understanding of cholesterol metabolism reprogramming during T‐cell activation. Retinoic acid receptor‐related orphan receptors (RORs) are ligand‐activated nuclear receptors that regulate the transcription of target genes. In this study, we demonstrated that the activation of RORs by a synthetic agonist (SR1078) impairs the proliferation and survival of postactivated CD8+ T cells. The inhibitory effects of SR1078 on CD8+ T‐cell proliferation and survival were attributed to cholesterol depletion and downregulated expression of cholesterol metabolism‐related genes. The overexpression of RORα or RORγt promoted apoptosis in the postactivated CD8+ T cells in vitro. The expression of RORα (but not that of RORγt) was markedly upregulated in the CD8+ T cells upon stimulation with an antigen in vivo. The functional deficiency of RORα enhanced CD8+ T‐cell expansion during the response to bacterial infection. These results suggest that RORs are involved in the regulation of CD8+ T‐cell‐mediated immune response through the regulation of cholesterol metabolism, which can be modulated by a synthetic ROR agonist. The findings of this study can aid in the development of immunotherapeutic methods that target nuclear receptors.

中文翻译:

ROR 激动剂通过下调胆固醇合成相关基因来阻碍活化后 CD8+ T 细胞的增殖和存活

胆固醇是细胞膜脂质双层的主要成分。在 T 细胞激活期间,胆固醇的合成急剧增加,以支持 T 细胞的生长和增殖。对 T 细胞活化过程中胆固醇代谢重编程的了解有限。视黄酸受体相关孤儿受体 (ROR) 是配体激活的核受体,可调节靶基因的转录。在这项研究中,我们证明了合成激动剂 (SR1078) 对 ROR 的激活会损害激活后 CD8 + T 细胞的增殖和存活。SR1078对CD8 +的抑制作用T细胞增殖和存活归因于胆固醇消耗和胆固醇代谢相关基因的下调表达。RORα或RORγt的过表达促进了体外活化后CD8 + T细胞的凋亡。在体内用抗原刺激后,CD8 + T 细胞中 RORα 的表达(但不是 RORγt 的表达)显着上调。在对细菌感染的反应过程中,RORα 的功能缺陷增强了 CD8 + T 细胞的扩增。这些结果表明 RORs 参与了 CD8 +通过调节胆固醇代谢的 T 细胞介导的免疫反应,可以通过合成的 ROR 激动剂进行调节。这项研究的结果有助于开发针对核受体的免疫治疗方法。
更新日期:2020-09-17
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