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Per‐stage growth rates of head and body sizes in scarab larvae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) decrease across ontogeny following a species‐specific pattern
Entomological Science ( IF 0.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-16 , DOI: 10.1111/ens.12435 Sugihiko Hoshizaki 1
Entomological Science ( IF 0.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-16 , DOI: 10.1111/ens.12435 Sugihiko Hoshizaki 1
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It has been widely assumed that the stepwise increase in the exoskeleton size of larval insects approximately follows a geometric progression from instar to instar, known as Dyar's Rule. However, it is not clear whether the per‐instar increase in body size follows this rule. In insects, Dyar's Rule has been identified either by regressing the log‐scaled size on the instar number (log‐linear regression analysis) or by comparing the postmolt/premolt size ratio between instars (growth rate analysis). A previous study on the body mass of caterpillars showed the methodological pitfall that Dyar's Rule was statistically supported by log‐linear regression analysis, but not at all by growth rates analysis. I considered this concern here by examining the per‐stage growth rates of head and body sizes for larvae of the beetle Trypoxylus dichotomus using both methods and compared the resulting growth rates for body size within and between taxonomic orders. Dyar's Rule was statistically supported by the log‐linear regression analysis but not by growth rate analysis for both the head and body sizes in T. dichotomus. The body size growth rate in T. dichotomus decreased as the instar progressed. This developmental pattern was also found in reported data for the other six scarabs, but not in data for Lepidoptera or Hymenoptera. These findings confirm that the per‐stage growth rate of body size does not follow Dyar's Rule in a wide range of insects, and suggest that developmental change in the body size growth rate varies among insect groups.
中文翻译：
金龟子幼虫（鞘翅目：金龟子科）头部和身体大小的每阶段增长率按照物种特异性模式在个体发育过程中降低
人们普遍认为，昆虫幼虫外骨骼尺寸的逐步增加大致遵循从龄到龄的几何级数，称为 Dyar 规则。然而，尚不清楚每龄期的体型增加是否遵循这一规律。在昆虫中，Dyar 规则已通过对龄期数的对数尺度大小进行回归（对数线性回归分析）或通过比较龄期之间的蜕皮后/蜕皮前尺寸比（生长率分析）来确定。先前对毛毛虫体重的研究表明，Dyar 规则在统计上得到对数线性回归分析的支持，但在增长率分析中根本不支持。我在这里考虑了这个问题，通过使用两种方法检查甲虫 Trypoxylus dichotomus 幼虫头部和体型的每个阶段增长率，并比较了分类目内和分类目之间体型的最终增长率。Dyar 法则在统计上得到对数线性回归分析的支持，但没有得到双歧杆菌头部和身体大小的增长率分析的支持。随着龄期进展，T. dichotomus 的体型增长率下降。在其他六种圣甲虫的报告数据中也发现了这种发育模式，但在鳞翅目或膜翅目的数据中没有发现。这些发现证实，在广泛的昆虫中，每个阶段的体型增长率并不遵循 Dyar 规则，并表明体型增长率的发育变化因昆虫群体而异。
更新日期：2020-09-16
中文翻译：
金龟子幼虫（鞘翅目：金龟子科）头部和身体大小的每阶段增长率按照物种特异性模式在个体发育过程中降低
人们普遍认为，昆虫幼虫外骨骼尺寸的逐步增加大致遵循从龄到龄的几何级数，称为 Dyar 规则。然而，尚不清楚每龄期的体型增加是否遵循这一规律。在昆虫中，Dyar 规则已通过对龄期数的对数尺度大小进行回归（对数线性回归分析）或通过比较龄期之间的蜕皮后/蜕皮前尺寸比（生长率分析）来确定。先前对毛毛虫体重的研究表明，Dyar 规则在统计上得到对数线性回归分析的支持，但在增长率分析中根本不支持。我在这里考虑了这个问题，通过使用两种方法检查甲虫 Trypoxylus dichotomus 幼虫头部和体型的每个阶段增长率，并比较了分类目内和分类目之间体型的最终增长率。Dyar 法则在统计上得到对数线性回归分析的支持，但没有得到双歧杆菌头部和身体大小的增长率分析的支持。随着龄期进展，T. dichotomus 的体型增长率下降。在其他六种圣甲虫的报告数据中也发现了这种发育模式，但在鳞翅目或膜翅目的数据中没有发现。这些发现证实，在广泛的昆虫中，每个阶段的体型增长率并不遵循 Dyar 规则，并表明体型增长率的发育变化因昆虫群体而异。
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