A transition to electric vehicles and renewable energy is currently underway but may not be rapid enough in order to reach ambitious climate change mitigation targets. Therefore, additional, preferably instantaneous, measures are needed for quick emission reductions, which is where material efficiency (ME) could constitute a promising solution. ME strategies include but are not limited to vehicle lightweighting through material substitution, increased recycling of materials, reuse and remanufacturing of vehicle components, vehicle downsizing (switching to a smaller vehicle), and more intensive use by means of increased vehicle occupancy through sharing practices. While recent analyses have focused on a narrow subset of ME strategies, we find striking differences in the overall potential of different measures to decrease vehicular carbon footprints. Downsizing and more intensive use offer the largest mitigation potential but strongly depend on consumer behavior and are highly sensitive to modeling assumptions. Combined, the analyzed strategies can achieve emission reductions of up to 57% over the life cycle of a single vehicle, which is comparable to up to 83% achieved through a shift to low‐carbon energy supply. ME can cut carbon footprints of already efficient vehicles charging renewable electricity by half again. This makes ME both an excellent short‐term solution for climate change mitigation targeting the light‐vehicle sector but also an important complementary strategy to the long‐term transition toward electric vehicles and renewable energy supply. This article met the requirements for a gold‐gold JIE data openness badge described at http://jie.click/badges.

中文翻译：

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乘用车的材料效率和减缓气候变化

目前正在向电动汽车和可再生能源过渡，但可能还不够迅速，无法实现雄心勃勃的缓解气候变化目标。因此，需要采取其他措施（最好是即时措施）以实现快速减排，这是材料效率（ME）可以构成有希望的解决方案的地方。ME策略包括但不限于通过替代材料来减轻车辆的重量，增加材料的回收利用，车辆部件的重复使用和再制造，减小车辆的尺寸（切换到较小的车辆）以及通过共享做法增加车辆占用率来更频繁地使用车辆。尽管最近的分析集中在ME策略的一小部分上，但我们发现减少车辆碳足迹的不同措施的整体潜力存在显着差异。缩小尺寸和更密集地使用可提供最大的缓解潜力，但在很大程度上取决于消费者的行为，并且对建模假设高度敏感。综合起来，所分析的策略可在单个车辆的生命周期内实现多达57％的减排，这相当于通过转向低碳能源供应而实现的多达83％的减排。ME可以将已经为可再生能源充电的高效汽车的碳足迹再减少一半。这不仅使ME成为针对轻型汽车行业缓解气候变化的出色的短期解决方案，而且还是长期向电动汽车和可再生能源供应过渡的重要补充策略。这篇文章满足了黄金的要求 所分析的策略可在单个车辆的生命周期内实现多达57％的减排，这相当于通过转向低碳能源供应可实现的多达83％的减排。ME可以将已经为可再生能源充电的高效汽车的碳足迹再减少一半。这不仅使ME成为针对轻型汽车行业缓解气候变化的出色的短期解决方案，而且还是长期向电动汽车和可再生能源供应过渡的重要补充策略。这篇文章符合黄金的要求 所分析的策略可在单个车辆的生命周期内实现多达57％的减排，这相当于通过转向低碳能源供应可实现的多达83％的减排。ME可以将已经为可再生能源充电的高效汽车的碳足迹再减少一半。这不仅使ME成为针对轻型汽车行业缓解气候变化的出色的短期解决方案，而且还是长期向电动汽车和可再生能源供应过渡的重要补充策略。这篇文章满足了黄金的要求 这不仅使ME成为针对轻型汽车行业缓解气候变化的出色的短期解决方案，而且还是长期向电动汽车和可再生能源供应过渡的重要补充策略。这篇文章满足了黄金的要求 这不仅使ME成为针对轻型汽车行业缓解气候变化的出色的短期解决方案，而且还是长期向电动汽车和可再生能源供应过渡的重要补充策略。这篇文章满足了黄金的要求在http://jie.click/badges中描述的JIE数据开放性徽章。