Per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are found in a variety of industrial and household products. Human and wildlife exposure to PFAS is widespread. Increasing evidence suggests adverse effects of PFAS to human health and the environment. Human health risks from exposure through drinking water and fish consumption are areas of concern. Therefore, understanding occurrence and exposure risk is important to protect water resources. PFAS was investigated in fish fillet from the Delaware River over a 15‐y period (2004–2018). The sample period coincided with actions to reduce or eliminate the release of certain PFAS to the environment. Elevated levels of perfluorononanoate (PFNA) and perfluoroundecanoate (PFUnA) were initially observed in tidal fish fillet. While significant decreases in PFNA and PFUnA concentrations were observed in fish fillet from the tidal river during the timeframe of the study, changes in concentrations of other PFAS in tidal and nontidal fish were less substantial. In 2018, fish fillet continued to be contaminated with perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) at levels exceeding recommended regional risk advisory limits on fish consumption. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2021;17:411–421. © 2020 SETAC

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美国特拉华河鱼中全氟和多氟烷基物质的时间趋势

全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）存在于各种工业和家用产品中。人类和野生生物接触PFAS的情况很普遍。越来越多的证据表明，PFAS对人类健康和环境具有不利影响。饮用水和鱼类消费对人体健康的威胁是令人关注的领域。因此，了解发生和暴露的风险对于保护水资源很重要。在过去15年（2004-2018年）的特拉华河鱼片中对PFAS进行了调查。采样期与减少或消除某些PFAS向环境释放的行动相吻合。潮汐鱼片中最初观察到全氟壬酸（PFNA）和全氟十一酸酯（PFUnA）的水平升高。在研究期间，虽然潮汐河鱼片中的PFNA和PFUnA浓度显着下降，但潮汐和非潮汐鱼中其他PFAS浓度的变化较小。2018年，鱼片继续被全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）污染，其含量超过了建议的区域性鱼类消费风险咨询限值。Integr环境评估管理2021; 17：411–421。©2020 SETAC