Abstract Controlling rock damage induced by lateral blasting excavation is a source of concern. In underground mines, large-diameter-hole lateral blasting excavation often causes engineering disasters such as large blocks falling and overall collapse of the remaining rock mass. Because of their high cost and cumbersome operation, conventional contour blasting techniques, such as smooth and presplit blasting, are unsuitable for production boreholes. In this paper, based on the large-diameter-hole lateral blasting excavation of the Shaxi underground mine in China, a field lateral blast test with a single row was initially conducted, and the sonic wave speeds and goaf boundaries were measured to evaluate the damage degree to the remaining rock mass. A numerical model with three rows of boreholes was developed and calibrated against the lateral blast test with a single row. The calibrated numerical model was used to simulate the blasting process. The blast-induced damage characteristics with different charge structures in different rows were investigated, and the optimal charge structure for each row was obtained. The results indicate that the rock damage control effect can be achieved by a reasonable combination of charge structures and number of blasted rows, and it is more satisfactory with an increasing number of blasted rows and a reasonable decrease in the charge coefficient row by row. The rock breaking pattern at Cut X2 shows that most of the boulders are caused by the collapse of the remaining rock mass under the impact of blasting excavation. The ratio of broken rock in Part 4 indicates that the blast impact of the last row plays a dominant role in the damage to the remaining rock mass. Two optimized schemes were applied to the field of large-diameter-borehole lateral blasting, and satisfactory effects were achieved in the blast-induced damage control of the remaining rock mass.

中文翻译：

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基于装药结构优化的大直径孔横向爆破开挖岩石损伤控制

摘要 控制横向爆破开挖引起的岩石损伤是一个值得关注的问题。在地下矿山中，大直径孔横向爆破开挖往往会造成大块落体、剩余岩体整体坍塌等工程灾害。由于成本高、操作繁琐，传统的轮廓爆破技术，如光滑和预裂爆破，不适用于生产钻孔。本文以我国沙溪地下矿大直径孔横向爆破开挖为基础，初步进行了单排现场横向爆破试验，通过测量声波速度和采空区边界来评价破坏程度。剩余岩体的度数。开发了一个具有三排钻孔的数值模型，并针对单排横向爆破试验进行了校准。校准后的数值模型用于模拟爆破过程。研究了不同排装药结构的爆破损伤特性，得到了各排最佳装药结构。结果表明，合理组合炸药结构和爆破列数可以达到控制岩石损伤的效果，随着爆破列数的增加和炸药系数的逐行合理降低，效果更令人满意。Cut X2 处的岩石破碎模式表明，大部分巨石是由剩余岩体在爆破开挖的影响下坍塌造成的。第 4 部分的碎石比例表明，最后一排的爆炸冲击对剩余岩体的破坏起主导作用。将两种优化方案应用于大直径钻孔横向爆破领域，对剩余岩体的爆破损伤控制取得了满意的效果。