Abstract Amaryllidaceae family, consisting of economically important plants with ornamental value, is very well-known for its isoquinoline alkaloids with variable biological activities and chemical structures. Among these alkaloids, an effective acetylcholinesterase inhibitor galanthamine, is prescribed widely in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Plants of the Amaryllidaceae family are therefore, subjected to intensive research to find potent cholinesterase inhibitors. The chemical composition of three Galanthus species including Galanthus krasnovii A.P. Khokhr., Galanthus gracilis Celak. and an endemic species Galanthus peshmenii A.P. Davis & C.D. Brickell were analyzed by GC–MS. In total, twenty-five alkaloids with various chemical structure types and a lignan, namely epipinoresinol were identified. Cholinesterase inhibitory potentials of the plant extracts were also determined by in vitro Ellman's method. Extracts of Galanthus krasnovii bulbs displayed the most promising acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitory activities (AChE: IC50: 8.26 µg/mL and BuChE: IC50: 6.23 µg/mL).

中文翻译：

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一些土耳其雪花莲（石蒜科）物种的化学分析及其抗胆碱酯酶活性

摘要 石蒜科是具有重要经济价值和观赏价值的植物，以其生物活性和化学结构可变的异喹啉生物碱而闻名。在这些生物碱中，有效的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂加兰他敏被广泛用于治疗阿尔茨海默病。因此，对石蒜科植物进行深入研究以寻找有效的胆碱酯酶抑制剂。包括 Galanthus krasnovii AP Khokhr.、Galanthus gracilis Celak 在内的三种雪花莲的化学成分。通过 GC-MS 分析了特有物种 Galanthus peshmenii AP Davis 和 CD Brickell。总共鉴定了 25 种具有不同化学结构类型的生物碱和一种木脂素，即表松脂醇。植物提取物的胆碱酯酶抑制潜力也通过体外 Ellman 方法确定。Galanthus krasnovii 球茎提取物显示出最有希望的乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AChE) 和丁酰胆碱酯酶 (BuChE) 抑制活性（AChE：IC50：8.26 µg/mL 和 BuChE：IC50：6.23 µg/mL）。