Abstract Soils systems provide essential ecosystem functions and services performed by a hyperdiverse array of fauna, but how soil communities respond to climate change remains an understudied topic. Although previous long-term studies have found variable effects of climate change manipulations on soil communities, precipitation often yields strong responses from fauna. In this study we used a field-based experiment to test how soil communities respond to active warming (+4 °C) and elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations (800 ppm) in the boreal forest over two consecutive years in a full factorial experimental design. We sampled and identified soil fauna across multiple taxonomic groups to determine how species abundance, richness, diversity, evenness, and community composition were affected by these simulated global climate change factors. Fauna were minimally affected by experimental treatments in the first year of sampling. However, in the second year of treatment, richness and diversity increased and soil community composition shifted as oribatid mites responded to both warming and elevated CO2 and springtails responded to warming treatments. We propose that the enhanced response of soil communities in the second year of experimental treatment was due to greater than normal precipitation, suggesting that annual variability in weather conditions can influence soil fauna response to climate change.

中文翻译：

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土壤动物对模拟全球变化因素的响应取决于环境气候条件

摘要 土壤系统提供由高度多样化的动物群执行的基本生态系统功能和服务，但土壤群落如何应对气候变化仍然是一个研究不足的话题。虽然之前的长期研究发现气候变化对土壤群落的影响是可变的，但降水往往会产生来自动物群的强烈反应。在这项研究中，我们使用基于实地的实验来测试土壤群落如何在连续两年的全因子实验设计中对北方森林中活跃的变暖 (+4 °C) 和大气 CO2 浓度升高 (800 ppm) 做出反应。我们对多个分类群的土壤动物进行了采样和鉴定，以确定这些模拟的全球气候变化因素如何影响物种的丰度、丰富度、多样性、均匀度和群落组成。在采样的第一年，动物群受实验处理的影响最小。然而，在处理的第二年，丰富度和多样性增加，土壤群落组成发生变化，因为 oribatid 螨对变暖和 CO2 升高做出反应，跳虫对变暖处理做出反应。我们提出，在实验处理的第二年，土壤群落的响应增强是由于降水量高于正常水平，这表明天气条件的年度变化会影响土壤动物群对气候变化的响应。随着 oribatid 螨对变暖和 CO2 升高做出反应，而跳虫对变暖处理做出反应，丰富度和多样性增加，土壤群落组成发生变化。我们提出，在实验处理的第二年，土壤群落的响应增强是由于降水量高于正常水平，这表明天气条件的年度变化会影响土壤动物群对气候变化的响应。随着 oribatid 螨对变暖和 CO2 升高做出反应，而跳虫对变暖处理做出反应，丰富度和多样性增加，土壤群落组成发生变化。我们提出，在实验处理的第二年，土壤群落的响应增强是由于降水量高于正常水平，这表明天气条件的年度变化会影响土壤动物群对气候变化的响应。