Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with symptoms such as neuroinflammation and axonal degeneration. Existing drugs help reduce inflammatory conditions and protect CNS from demyelination and axonal damage; however, these drugs are unable to enhance axonal repair and remyelination. In this regard, cell therapy is considered as a promising regenerative approach to MS treatment. High immunomodulatory capacity, neuro-differentiation and neuroprotection properties have made Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) particularly useful for regenerative medicine. There are scant studies on the role of MSCs in patients suffering from MS. The low number of MS patients and the lack of control groups in these studies may explain the lack of beneficial effects of MSC transplantation in cell therapies. In this review, we evaluated the beneficial effects of MSC transplantation in clinical studies in terms of immunomodulatory, remyelinating and neuroprotecting properties of MSCs.

中文翻译：

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间充质干细胞移植对多发性硬化患者的影响

多发性硬化症 (MS) 是一种中枢神经系统 (CNS) 脱髓鞘性自身免疫性疾病，具有神经炎症和轴索变性等症状。现有药物有助于减轻炎症并保护中枢神经系统免受脱髓鞘和轴突损伤；然而，这些药物不能增强轴突修复和髓鞘再生。在这方面，细胞疗法被认为是一种很有前途的 MS 治疗再生方法。高免疫调节能力、神经分化和神经保护特性使间充质干细胞 (MSC) 特别适用于再生医学。关于 MSCs 在 MS 患者中的作用的研究很少。这些研究中 MS 患者数量少和缺乏对照组可能解释了 MSC 移植在细胞治疗中缺乏有益效果的原因。