Abstract While European policies have progressed towards an Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management (EAFM), limited attention has been paid to the implications for its advisory system. This paper analyses the advisory landscape in the European Union (EU) by addressing two questions: to what extent can the needed advice be provided? how prepared is the management system to integrate ecosystem advice? We provide a systematic analysis of the relevant advisory bodies, explore gaps related to the requested and delivered advice, and identify paths for improvement. The findings confirm earlier observations of lack of a formalized process to provide and integrate advice in support of an ecosystem approach into EU fisheries management. Instead of enabling existing capacities to embed ecosystem components (e.g. investments and initiatives made by stakeholders (and authorities) to move to EAFM -pushing strategies), the system relies heavily on mandatory requests from policy makers (pulling mechanisms). Furthermore, social and economic dimensions are the weakest aspects in the advisory process, which hampers the balancing of objectives that represent one of the hallmarks of EAFM. The policy framework has adopted EAFM for European fisheries, but the advisory processes have not yet been adapted to substantially support EAFM.

中文翻译：

---

拉动机制和推动策略：如何在欧盟共同渔业政策内改进生态系统建议渔业管理建议

摘要 虽然欧洲的政策已经朝着渔业管理生态系统方法 (EAFM) 发展，但对其咨询系统的影响却受到了有限的关注。本文通过解决两个问题来分析欧盟 (EU) 的咨询情况：可以在多大程度上提供所需的咨询？管理系统准备如何整合生态系统建议？我们对相关咨询机构进行系统分析，探索与请求和提供的建议相关的差距，并确定改进途径。调查结果证实了早先的观察结果，即缺乏正式的流程来提供和整合支持生态系统方法到欧盟渔业管理的建议。而不是让现有能力嵌入生态系统组件（例如 利益相关者（和当局）为转向 EAFM 推动战略而进行的投资和举措），该系统在很大程度上依赖于政策制定者的强制性要求（拉动机制）。此外，社会和经济方面是咨询过程中最薄弱的方面，这阻碍了代表 EAFM 标志之一的目标的平衡。政策框架已为欧洲渔业采用 EAFM，但尚未调整咨询程序以实质性支持 EAFM。