Abstract Although tunnels are vulnerable to Permanent Ground Displacement (PGD) due to a fault crossing, studies in assessing this intersection are limited, and most of the existing studies have focused on fault movement parallel to the tunnel. A series of numerical models with the Finite Element Method is applied here to evaluate the behavior of tunnels and reverse faults intersections. The numerical modeling results of 60° reverse faulting in free-field and tunnel mode are validated through centrifuge tests. These models are applied as reference models for the parametric study. The effects of geometrical properties, including fault angle, faulting displacement, tunnel diameter, tunnel lining thickness, and overburden soil height on the reverse fault-tunnel crossing is studied. Increasing the tunnel diameter increase the tunnel's vulnerability. The 60° fault angle causes the most damage to the tunnel. Any fluctuation in fault angle from this specific value reduces the tunnel lining bending moments.

中文翻译：

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连续浅埋隧道逆断层数值模拟及离心机验证

摘要 尽管隧道由于断层交叉而容易受到永久地面位移（PGD）的影响，但对该交叉点的评估研究是有限的，现有的大多数研究都集中在与隧道平行的断层运动上。这里应用了一系列有限元方法的数值模型来评估隧道和反向断层交叉点的行为。通过离心机试验验证了自由场和隧道模式下60°反向断层的数值模拟结果。这些模型用作参数研究的参考模型。研究了断层角、断层位移、隧道直径、隧道衬砌厚度、覆土高度等几何特性对逆断层隧道穿越的影响。增加隧道直径增加隧道' s 脆弱性。60°断层角对隧道的破坏最大。任何偏离该特定值的断层角波动都会降低隧道衬砌的弯矩。