Successful navigation of the social environment is dependent on a number of social cognitive processes, including mentalizing and resistance to peer influence. These processes continue to develop during adolescence, a time of significant social change, and are underpinned by regions of the social brain that continue to mature structurally and functionally into adulthood. In this review, we describe how mentalizing, peer influence, and emotion regulation capacities develop to aid the navigation of the social environment during adolescence. Heightened susceptibility to peer influence and hypersensitivity to social rejection in adolescence increase the likelihood of both risky and prosocial behavior in the presence of peers. Developmental differences in mentalizing and emotion regulation, and the corticosubcortical circuits that underpin these processes, might put adolescents at risk for developing mental health problems. We suggest how interventions aimed at improving prosocial behavior and emotion regulation abilities hold promise in reducing the risk of poor mental health as adolescents navigate the changes in their social environment.

中文翻译：

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在青春期驾驭社会环境：社会大脑发育的作用

社会环境的成功导航取决于许多社会认知过程，包括心理化和对同伴影响的抵抗。这些过程在青春期继续发展，这是一个社会发生重大变化的时期，并得到社会大脑区域的支持，这些区域在结构和功能上继续成熟到成年。在这篇综述中，我们描述了心理化、同伴影响和情绪调节能力如何发展以帮助在青春期适应社会环境。青春期对同伴影响的高度敏感性和对社会排斥的超敏反应增加了在同伴面前进行危险行为和亲社会行为的可能性。心智化和情绪调节的发展差异，以及支撑这些过程的皮质下皮质回路，可能会使青少年面临出现心理健康问题的风险。我们建议旨在改善亲社会行为和情绪调节能力的干预措施如何在青少年应对社会环境变化时降低心理健康状况不佳的风险。