Despite the promising applications of genome-wide information to conservation, the field of conservation genomics remains hindered by a research-practice gap. Identifying the benefits from genomics in relation to fish conservation planning and decision-making could contribute to bridging this gap. The goals of our study were twofold. First, we reviewed the fish conservation genomic literature to determine how genomic information has been used to inform conservation decision making; and second, we examined how genomic information can be linked to an existing conservation decision framework. Our review showed that, as fish conservation genomics studies accumulate over time, collaborations between researchers and conservation practitioners are becoming increasingly frequent. While the field is dominated by studies of economically important families (e.g. salmonids, acipenserids) in first-world countries (North America, Europe), it has a broad taxonomic coverage where species of both local and global conservation concern are well represented. We also show that genomic information can readily be harnessed to guide decisions within existing conservation decision frameworks, from the conceptualization (identification of conservation targets and threats) to the implementation and the monitoring of conservation actions. In addition, our review identifies some limitations related to genomic inferences for conservation and proposes solutions to address these uncertainties and improve communication between conservation genomic scientists and practitioners. For genomic researchers, we outline how conservation decisions are made; for practitioners, we illustrate how genomic information can inform decision-making.

尽管全基因组信息在保护中的应用前景广阔，但保护基因组学领域仍然受到研究实践空白的阻碍。查明基因组学与鱼类保护规划和决策有关的好处可能有助于弥合这一差距。我们研究的目标是双重的。首先，我们回顾了鱼类保护基因组学文献，以确定如何利用基因组信息来指导保护决策。其次，我们研究了基因组信息如何与现有的保护决策框架相关联。我们的评论表明，随着鱼类保护基因组学研究的不断发展，研究人员和保护人员之间的合作越来越频繁。虽然该领域的研究主要集中在第一世界国家（北美，欧洲）的重要经济家族（例如鲑科，棘足类），但它具有广泛的分类学覆盖范围，其中充分体现了当地和全球保护重点的物种。我们还表明，从概念化（保护目标和威胁的识别）到保护行动的实施和监视，可以容易地利用基因组信息来指导现有保护决策框架内的决策。此外，我们的审查发现了一些与保护基因组推论有关的局限性，并提出了解决这些不确定性并改善保护基因组科学家与实践者之间交流的解决方案。对于基因组研究人员 我们概述了如何做出保护决定；对于从业者，我们说明了基因组信息如何为决策提供信息。