The lungs possess an effective antimicrobial system and a strong ability to eliminate microorganisms in healthy organisms, and were once considered sterile. With the development of culture-independent sequencing technology, the richness and diversity of porcine lung microbiota have been gaining attention. In order to study the relationship between lung microbiota and porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC), the lung microbiota in healthy and diseased swine bronchoalveolar lavage fluids were analyzed and compared using the Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform. The predominant microbial communities of healthy and diseased swine were similar at the phylum level, mainly composed of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Tenericutes, and Bacteroidetes. However, the bacterial taxonomic communities of healthy and diseased swine differed at the genus level. The higher relative abundances of Lactococcus, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, and Lactobacillus genera in healthy swine might provide more benefits for lung health, while the enhanced richness of Streptococcus, Haemophilus, Pasteurella, and Bordetella genera in diseased swine might be closely related to pathogen invasion and the occurrence of respiratory disease. In conclusion, the observed differences in the richness and diversity of lung microbiota can provide novel insights into their relationship with PRDC. Analyses of swine lung microbiota communities might produce an effective strategy for the control and prevention of respiratory tract infections.

肺部具有有效的抗菌系统和消除健康生物中微生物的强大能力，曾经被认为是无菌的。随着不依赖培养物的测序技术的发展，猪肺微生物群的丰富性和多样性已引起人们的关注。为了研究肺微生物群和猪呼吸道疾病复合物（PRDC）之间的关系，使用Illumina MiSeq测序平台对健康和患病猪支气管肺泡灌洗液中的肺微生物群进行了分析和比较。在病菌水平上，健康和患病猪的主要微生物群落相似，主要由变形杆菌，硬毛虫，蠕虫和拟杆菌组成。但是，健康和患病猪的细菌生物分类群落在属水平上是不同的。健康猪中的乳球菌，肠球菌，葡萄球菌和乳杆菌属可能为肺部健康提供更多好处，而患病猪链球菌，嗜血杆菌，巴斯德氏菌和博德特氏菌属的丰富性增强可能与病原体入侵和呼吸系统疾病的发生密切相关。 。总之，观察到的肺微生物群落丰富度和多样性差异可以为它们与PRDC的关系提供新颖的见解。猪肺微生物群的分析可能会为控制和预防呼吸道感染提供有效的策略。