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Efficient multiple constraint acquisition
Constraints ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-17 , DOI: 10.1007/s10601-020-09311-4
Dimosthenis C. Tsouros , Kostas Stergiou

Constraint acquisition systems such as QuAcq and MultiAcq can assist non-expert users to model their problems as constraint networks by classifying (partial) examples as positive or negative. For each negative example, the former focuses on one constraint of the target network, while the latter can learn a maximum number of constraints. Two bottlenecks of the acquisition process where both these algorithms encounter problems are the large number of queries required to reach convergence, and the high cpu times needed to generate queries, especially near convergence. In this paper we propose algorithmic and heuristic methods to deal with both these issues. We first describe an algorithm, called MQuAcq, that blends the main idea of MultiAcq into QuAcq resulting in a method that learns as many constraints as MultiAcq does after a negative example, but with a lower complexity. A detailed theoretical analysis of the proposed algorithm is also presented. Then we turn our attention to query generation which is a significant but rather overlooked part of the acquisition process. We describe how query generation in a typical constraint acquisition system operates, and we propose heuristics for improving its efficiency. Experiments from various domains demonstrate that our resulting algorithm that integrates all the new techniques does not only generate considerably fewer queries than QuAcq and MultiAcq, but it is also by far faster than both of them, in average query generation time as well as in total run time, and also largely alleviates the premature convergence problem.



中文翻译:

高效的多约束获取

诸如QuAcq和MultiAcq之类的约束获取系统可以通过将(部分)示例分类为肯定或否定,来帮助非专家用户将他们的问题建模为约束网络。对于每个否定示例,前者专注于目标网络的一个约束,而后者可以学习最大数量的约束。这两种算法都遇到问题的获取过程的两个瓶颈是达到收敛所需的大量查询,以及生成查询(尤其是接近收敛)所需的高cpu时间。在本文中,我们提出了算法和启发式方法来处理这两个问题。我们首先描述一种称为MQuAcq的算法,该算法将MultiAcq的主要思想融合到QuAcq中,从而产生了一种方法,该方法在一个否定示例之后学习的次数与MultiAcq一样多,但复杂度较低。还提出了该算法的详细理论分析。然后,我们将注意力转向查询生成,这是获取过程中重要但被忽略的一部分。我们描述了典型约束获取系统中查询生成的操作方式,并提出了启发式方法以提高其效率。来自各个领域的实验表明,我们集成了所有新技术的最终算法不仅产生的查询比QuAcq和MultiAcq少得多,而且在平均查询产生时间和总运行时间上,它们均比两者快得多时间,并且在很大程度上缓解了过早收敛的问题。然后,我们将注意力转向查询生成,这是获取过程中重要但被忽略的一部分。我们描述了典型约束获取系统中查询生成的操作方式,并提出了启发式方法以提高其效率。来自各个领域的实验表明,我们集成了所有新技术的最终算法不仅产生的查询比QuAcq和MultiAcq少得多,而且在平均查询产生时间和总运行时间上,它们均比两者快得多时间,并且在很大程度上缓解了过早收敛的问题。然后,我们将注意力转向查询生成,这是获取过程中重要但被忽略的一部分。我们描述了典型约束获取系统中查询生成的操作方式,并提出了启发式方法以提高其效率。来自各个领域的实验表明,我们集成了所有新技术的结果算法不仅产生的查询比QuAcq和MultiAcq少得多,而且在平均查询产生时间和总运行时间上,它们均比两者快得多时间,并且在很大程度上缓解了过早收敛的问题。并且我们提出启发式方法以提高其效率。来自各个领域的实验表明,我们集成了所有新技术的最终算法不仅产生的查询比QuAcq和MultiAcq少得多,而且在平均查询产生时间和总运行时间上,它们均比两者快得多时间,并且在很大程度上缓解了过早收敛的问题。并且我们提出启发式方法以提高其效率。来自各个领域的实验表明,我们集成了所有新技术的最终算法不仅产生的查询比QuAcq和MultiAcq少得多,而且在平均查询产生时间和总运行时间上,它们均比两者快得多时间,并且在很大程度上缓解了过早收敛的问题。

更新日期:2020-09-18
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