The application of next-generation sequencing tools revealed that the cystic fibrosis respiratory tract is a polymicrobial environment. We have characterized the airway bacterial microbiota of five adult patients with cystic fibrosis during a 14-month period by 16S rRNA tag sequencing using the Illumina technology. Microbial diversity, estimated by the Shannon index, varied among patient samples collected throughout the follow-up period. The beta diversity analysis revealed that the composition of the airway microbiota was highly specific for each patient, showing little variation among the samples of each patient analyzed over time. The composition of the bacterial microbiota did not reveal any emerging pathogen predictor of pulmonary disease in cystic fibrosis or of its unfavorable clinical progress, except for unveiling the presence of anaerobic microorganisms, even without any established clinical association. Our results could potentialy help us to translate and develop strategies in response to the pathobiology of this disease, particularly because it represents an innovative approach for CF centers in Brazil.

中文翻译：

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巴西囊性纤维化中心成人气道微生物群分析

新一代测序工具的应用表明，囊性纤维化呼吸道是一个多微生物环境。我们使用 Illumina 技术通过 16S rRNA 标签测序对 14 个月内五名囊性纤维化成年患者的气道细菌微生物群进行了表征。由香农指数估计的微生物多样性在整个随访期间收集的患者样本中有所不同。β 多样性分析显示，气道微生物群的组成对每个患者都具有高度特异性，随着时间的推移，每个患者的样本之间几乎没有变化。细菌微生物群的组成没有揭示囊性纤维化肺部疾病或其不利临床进展的任何新出现的病原体预测因子，除了揭示厌氧微生物的存在，即使没有任何既定的临床关联。我们的结果可能有助于我们转化和制定应对这种疾病病理学的策略，特别是因为它代表了巴西 CF 中心的一种创新方法。