The Carnian Pluvial Episode (Late Triassic) was a time of global environmental changes and possibly substantial coeval volcanism. The extent of the biological turnover in marine and terrestrial ecosystems is not well understood. Here, we present a meta-analysis of fossil data that suggests a substantial reduction in generic and species richness and the disappearance of 33% of marine genera. This crisis triggered major radiations. In the sea, the rise of the first scleractinian reefs and rock-forming calcareous nannofossils points to substantial changes in ocean chemistry. On land, there were major diversifications and originations of conifers, insects, dinosaurs, crocodiles, lizards, turtles, and mammals. Although there is uncertainty on the precise age of some of the recorded biological changes, these observations indicate that the Carnian Pluvial Episode was linked to a major extinction event and might have been the trigger of the spectacular radiation of many key groups that dominate modern ecosystems.

Carnian Pluvial Episode（三叠纪晚期）是全球环境变化和可能大量同时代火山活动的时期。海洋和陆地生态系统中生物周转的程度尚不清楚。在这里，我们对化石数据进行了荟萃分析，该分析表明属和物种丰富度大幅减少，33% 的海洋属消失。这场危机引发了重大辐射。在海洋中，第一个石珊瑚礁和形成岩石的钙质纳米化石的兴起表明海洋化学发生了重大变化。在陆地上，针叶树、昆虫、恐龙、鳄鱼、蜥蜴、海龟和哺乳动物的多样性和起源都很大。尽管一些记录的生物学变化的确切年龄存在不确定性，