In the 21st century, electronic waste (e-waste) recycling still faces many challenges, including a rapid growth in the generation of e-wastes (54 million metric tonnes worldwide in 2019 (see: https://collections.unu.edu/eserv/UNU:7737/GEM_2020_def_july1.pdf) and the continuing reliance on unregulated recyclers (the informal sector) in developing countries to receive and process e-wastes from both developed and developing countries. Some developing countries, such as Thailand and Indonesia, in particular, lack proper e-waste handling, treatment and management facilities and regulations or enforcement by either government agencies or industry associations. As a result, e-waste in these countries is typically processed using primitive methods (Table 1), such as manual separation of valuable materials, often enhanced by open burning of insulation and other organics (Baidya et al., 2019). These unregulated practices, sometimes conducted outdoors, create substantial environmental degradation and health hazards for those informal sector labourers and residents in nearby areas, who are exposed to toxic materials such as lead, flame retardants and polychlorinated biphenyls (Awasthi et al., 2018).

中文翻译：

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改善非正规部门的电子废物处理，以增强可持续性。

通常通过绝热和其他有机物的露天燃烧来增强（Baidya等人，2019）。这些不受管制的做法有时在户外进行，对那些暴露于铅，阻燃剂和多氯联苯等有毒物质的非正规部门劳动者和附近地区的居民造成严重的环境恶化和健康危害（Awasthi等人，2018）。