Soliton explosions, among the most exotic dynamics, have been extensively studied on parameter invariant stationary solitons. However, the explosion dynamics are still largely unexplored in breathing dissipative solitons as a dynamic solution to many nonlinear systems. Here, we report on the first observation of a breathing dissipative soliton explosion in a net-normal-dispersion bidirectional ultrafast fiber laser. The breathing soliton explosions could be stimulated by the soliton buildup process or alteration of polarization settings. Transient breathing soliton pairs with intensive repulsion that is sensitive to initial conditions can also be triggered by multiple soliton explosions in the soliton buildup process instead of being triggered by varying polarization settings. The high behavior similarity also exists in the breathing soliton buildup and explosion process owing to the common gain and loss modulation. In addition, dissipative rogue waves were detected in the breathing soliton explosion, and the collision of breathing soliton significantly enhanced the amplitude of rogue waves, which is characteristic of the breathing solitons in a bidirectional fiber laser. These results shed new insights into complex dissipative soliton dynamics.

中文翻译：

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双向超快光纤激光器中的呼吸耗散孤子爆炸

孤子爆炸是最奇特的动力学之一，已对参数不变的静止孤子进行了广泛的研究。然而，作为许多非线性系统的动态解决方案，呼吸耗散孤子的爆炸动力学仍然在很大程度上未被探索。在这里，我们报告了对净法向色散双向超快光纤激光器中呼吸耗散孤子爆炸的首次观察。孤子形成过程或极化设置的改变可以激发呼吸孤子爆炸。具有对初始条件敏感的强烈排斥的瞬态呼吸孤子对也可以由孤子积累过程中的多次孤子爆炸触发，而不是由不同的极化设置触发。由于共同的增益和损耗调制，呼吸孤子的建立和爆炸过程中也存在高行为相似性。此外，在呼吸孤子爆炸中检测到耗散杂波，呼吸孤子的碰撞显着增强了杂波的振幅，这是双向光纤激光器中呼吸孤子的特征。这些结果为复杂的耗散孤子动力学提供了新的见解。