Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) is a synthetic antigen receptor containing a specific antigen-recognition ectodomain to make T cells selectively attack cancer cells, a hinge-transmembrane region to confer stable surface expression, and one or more intracellular signaling domains to regulate T-cell activation. CAR T-cell therapy has produced unprecedented clinical outcomes for treating cancers, particularly B-cell malignancies. However, increasing clinic data reveal some limitations of current CAR T therapies. For example, >30% of B-cell malignancy patients who initially achieved complete remission encountered relapses after 1-year infusion of CAR T cells. In case of solid tumors, most of the patients did not benefit from CAR T treatment (Park et al., 2018; Schmidts and Maus, 2018). CAR T-cell persistence, defined as how long CAR T cells could survive in vivo after infusion into patients, is one of the major factors affecting the clinical outcomes of CAR T therapy (Porter et al., 2015). Therefore, it is important to understand the molecular mechanism(s) controlling the persistence of CAR T cells.

中文翻译：

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CAR 贩运确实很重要：“旨在防止泛素化和下调的嵌合抗原受体的前景显示出持久的抗肿瘤功效”

嵌合抗原受体 (CAR) 是一种合成抗原受体，包含一个特定的抗原识别胞外域，使 T 细胞选择性攻击癌细胞，一个铰链跨膜区赋予稳定的表面表达，以及一个或多个细胞内信号域来调节 T 细胞激活。CAR T 细胞疗法在治疗癌症方面取得了前所未有的临床成果，尤其是 B 细胞恶性肿瘤。然而，越来越多的临床数据揭示了当前 CAR T 疗法的一些局限性。例如，> 30% 最初实现完全缓解的 B 细胞恶性肿瘤患者在输注 CAR T 细胞 1 年后出现复发。对于实体瘤，大多数患者并未从 CAR T 治疗中受益（Park 等人，2018 年；Schmidts 和 Maus，2018 年）。CAR T细胞持久性，输注到患者体内后，是影响 CAR T 治疗临床结果的主要因素之一（Porter 等，2015）。因此，了解控制 CAR T 细胞持久性的分子机制非常重要。