The planform of the Brahmaputra-Jamuna River followed its natural path in Bangladesh until the construction of bank protection works started to save Sirajganj from bank erosion since the 1930s. Several so-called hardpoints such as groynes and revetments were constructed in the period 1980–2015 and the Jamuna Multipurpose Bridge was opened in 1998. The Brahmaputra Right Embankment and other projects had saved the western flood plain from inundation during monsoon floods. These river training works experienced severe damage by geotechnical failures, mostly flow slides. A flow slide is an underwater slope failure because of liquefaction or a breaching process in the subsoil or a combination of both. The design of most of these training works did not consider the risk of damage by flow slides. All descriptions of the observed damages show that scour phenomena in the channel close to a river training work are a cause of flow slides, besides pore water outflow. The research question was: how can the design of river training works be improved to reduce the risk of damage by flow slides? The main part of the investigation was focussed on reducing local scour holes near river training works. The most promising results are river training works with gentle bank slopes, permeable groynes, bed protections in dredged trenches with gentle side slopes, and methods to increase locally the bearing capacity of the subsoil. It is recommended to increase the knowledge of the failure mechanisms in the Brahmaputra-Jamuna River by improved monitoring in the field, the setup of a database with descriptions of all observed flow slides and the circumstances in which they occur. In addition to these recommendations, a field test facility is proposed to verify the knowledge of the failure mechanisms in that river. These activities will optimise the design of new river training structures with a very low risk of damages by flow slides and geotechnical instabilities and they will contribute to an improvement of the current design guidelines for river training structures.

中文翻译：

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布拉马普特拉河-贾穆纳河沿岸的护岸结构，水流滑坡研究

自 1930 年代以来，布拉马普特拉河 - 贾穆纳河的平面沿着其在孟加拉国的自然路径，直到堤岸保护工程的建设开始使 Sirajganj 免受河岸侵蚀。1980 年至 2015 年期间建造了几个所谓的硬点，如护岸和护岸，贾木纳多功能桥于 1998 年开通。雅鲁藏布江右堤和其他项目在季风洪水期间拯救了西部洪泛平原免于被淹没。这些河流整治工程因岩土工程故障（主要是水流滑坡）而遭受严重破坏。流动滑坡是由于液化或底土中的破裂过程或两者的组合而导致的水下边坡破坏。大多数这些培训工作的设计没有考虑流动滑梯损坏的风险。对所观察到的损害的所有描述表明，除了孔隙水流出外，靠近河流整治工程的河道中的冲刷现象也是造成水流滑坡的原因。研究问题是：如何改进河道整治工程的设计，以减少水流滑坡造成破坏的风险？调查的主要部分集中在减少河流整治工程附近的局部冲刷孔。最有希望的结果是河岸坡度缓和的河流整治工程、可渗透的槽沟、坡度缓和的疏浚沟渠中的河床保护，以及局部增加底土承载力的方法。建议通过改进现场监测来增加对布拉马普特拉河-贾穆纳河故障机制的了解，建立一个数据库，描述所有观察到的流动幻灯片及其发生的环境。除了这些建议之外，还建议使用现场测试设施来验证该河流中故障机制的知识。这些活动将优化新河道整治结构的设计，使因水流滑坡和岩土工程不稳定性而受损的风险非常低，并将有助于改进当前河道整治结构的设计指南。