Knowledge of the vertical distribution of absorbing aerosols is crucial for radiative forcing assessment, and its quasi real-time prediction is one of the keys for the atmospheric correction of satellite remote sensing. In this study, we investigated the seasonal and interannual changes of the vertical distribution of global absorbing aerosols based on satellite measurement from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) and proposed a neural network (NN) model to predict the vertical distribution of global absorbing aerosols. Gaussian fitting was proposed to derive the maximum fitted particle number concentration (MFNC), altitude corresponding to MFNC (MFA), and standard deviation (MFASD) for vertical distribution of dust and smoke aerosols. Results showed that higher MFA values of dust and smoke aerosols mainly occurred over deserts and tropical savannas, respectively. For dust aerosol, the MFA is mainly observed at 0.5 to 6 km above deserts, and low MFNC values occur in boreal spring and winter while high values in summer and autumn. The MFA of smoke is systematically lower than that of dust, ranging from 0.5 to 3.5 km over tropical rainforest and grassland. Moreover, we found that the MFA of global dust and smoke had decreased by 2.7 m yr⁻¹ (statistical significance p = 0.02) and 1.7 m yr⁻¹ (p = 0.02) over 2007–2016, respectively. The MFNC of global dust has increased by 0.63 cm⁻³ yr⁻¹ (p = 0.05), whereas that of smoke has decreased by 0.12 cm⁻³ yr⁻¹ (p = 0.05). In addition, the determination coefficient (R²) of the established prediction models for vertical distributions of absorbing aerosols were larger than 0.76 with root mean square error (RMSE) less than 1.42 cm⁻³, which should be helpful for the radiative forcing evaluation and atmospheric correction of satellite remote sensing.

中文翻译：

---

基于CALIPSO观测的全球吸光气溶胶垂直分布的变化与预测

吸收气溶胶垂直分布的知识对于辐射强迫评估至关重要，其准实时预测是卫星遥感大气校正的关键之一。在这项研究中，我们基于云气溶胶激光雷达和红外探路者卫星观测（CALIPSO）的卫星测量，调查了全球吸收气溶胶垂直分布的季节和年际变化，并提出了一个神经网络模型来预测垂直全球吸收性气溶胶的分布。提出了高斯拟合以得出最大拟合粒子数浓度（MFNC），与MFNC对应的高度（MFA）以及粉尘和烟雾气溶胶的垂直分布的标准差（MFASD）。结果表明，较高的粉尘和烟雾气溶胶MFA值分别发生在沙漠和热带稀树草原上。对于粉尘气溶胶，MFA主要在沙漠上方0.5至6 km处观察到，在春季和冬季的北方，MFNC值较低，而在夏季和秋季，则为较高值。烟雾的MFA总体上低于尘埃，在热带雨林和草地上，其MFA范围为0.5至3.5 km。此外，我们发现全球粉尘和烟雾的MFA减少了270万年 在热带雨林和草原上5公里。此外，我们发现全球粉尘和烟雾的MFA减少了270万年 在热带雨林和草原上5公里。此外，我们发现全球粉尘和烟雾的MFA减少了270万年在2007–2016年期间分别为^-1（统计显着性p = 0.02）和1.7 m yr ^-1（p = 0.02）。全球尘埃的MFNC增加了0.63 cm ^-3 yr ^-1（p = 0.05），而烟尘的MFNC减小了0.12 cm ^-3 yr ^-1（p = 0.05）。此外，建立的吸收气溶胶垂直分布预测模型的确定系数（R ²）大于0.76，均方根误差（RMSE）小于1.42 cm ^-3。，这将有助于卫星遥感的辐射强迫评估和大气校正。