In late-onset Alzheimer disease (AD) pathogenesis, genes, infections and immunity could be significant factors. We have reviewed if the keystone periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis may affect genes and microglia (primary immune cells in the brain) to promote AD development. Genes for apolipoprotein, clusterin, CD33, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM-2), tyrosine kinase binding protein (TYR-OBP), and complement receptors can affect microglia. Most of these genes can also be affected by P. gingivalis via its mastering of immune suppression. Besides, P. gingivalis can affect microglia directly in several ways. Taken together, genetic predisposition, P. gingivalis infection and microglia could promote neurodegeneration typical of that reported for AD.

在晚期阿尔茨海默病（AD）发病机理中，基因，感染和免疫力可能是重要因素。我们已经审查了基石牙周病原体牙龈卟啉单胞菌是否会影响基因和小胶质细胞（大脑中的主要免疫细胞）以促进AD的发展。载脂蛋白，簇蛋白，CD33，在髓样细胞2（TREM-2）上表达的触发受体，酪氨酸激酶结合蛋白（TYR-OBP）和补体受体的基因会影响小胶质细胞。这些基因中的大多数也可以通过掌握免疫抑制作用而受到牙龈卟啉单胞菌的影响。此外，牙龈卟啉单胞菌可以多种方式直接影响小胶质细胞。综合考虑，遗传易感性，牙龈卟啉单胞菌 感染和小胶质细胞可以促进AD报道的典型神经变性。