The lacrimal/ectethmoid region of waterfowl (Aves, Anseriformes): Phylogenetic signal and major evolutionary patterns,Journal of Morphology

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The lacrimal/ectethmoid region of waterfowl (Aves, Anseriformes): Phylogenetic signal and major evolutionary patterns
Journal of Morphology ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-16 , DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21265
Ricardo S De Mendoza _{1,

2} , Raúl O Gómez _{1,

3} , Claudia P Tambussi _{1,

4}

Affiliation

Waterfowl (Aves, Anseriformes) constitute an ancient global radiation, and understanding the pattern and timing of their evolution requires a well‐corroborated phylogeny including extant species and fossils. Following the molecular advances in avian systematics, however, morphology has often been held as misleading, yet congruence with molecular data has been shown to vary considerably among different skeletal parts. Here, we explore phylogenetic signal in discrete characters of the lacrimal/ectethmoid region of waterfowl, which is highly variable among species and constitutes a rich source of data. We do so by combining cladistic and multivariate approaches, and using phylogenetic comparative methods. We quantitatively recognize three major morphological types among lacrimal bones, and discuss homoplasy and potential synapomorphies of major clades using a molecular backbone tree. Our results clearly indicate that the lacrimal bone carries substantial phylogenetic signal and could be of systematic value at different levels of the phylogeny of waterfowl, feeding the exploration of other regions of the skull with this combined approach.

中文翻译：

水禽（禽类、鹅目）的泪腺/外筛区：系统发育信号和主要进化模式

水禽（禽类、鹅类）构成了一种古老的全球辐射，了解它们的进化模式和时间需要得到充分证实的系统发育，包括现存的物种和化石。然而，随着鸟类系统学的分子进步，形态学经常被认为具有误导性，但与分子数据的一致性已被证明在不同骨骼部位之间存在很大差异。在这里，我们探索了水禽泪腺/外筛骨区域离散特征的系统发育信号，该区域在物种之间变化很大，构成了丰富的数据来源。我们通过结合分支和多元方法，并使用系统发育比较方法来做到这一点。我们定量识别泪骨中的三种主要形态类型，并使用分子骨架树讨论主要进化枝的同质性和潜在的突触。我们的结果清楚地表明，泪骨携带大量的系统发育信号，可能在水禽系统发育的不同水平上具有系统价值，为用这种组合方法探索头骨的其他区域提供了依据。

更新日期：2020-09-16

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