According to moral typecasting theory, good- and evil-doers (agents) interact with the recipients of their actions (patients) in a moral dyad. When this dyad is completed, mind attribution towards intentionally harmed liminal minds is enhanced. However, from a dehumanisation view, malevolent actions may instead result in a denial of humanness. To contrast both accounts, a visual vignette experiment (N = 253) depicted either malevolent or benevolent intentions towards robotic or human avatars. Additionally, we examined the role of harm-salience by showing patients as either harmed, or still unharmed. The results revealed significantly increased mind attribution towards visibly harmed patients, mediated by perceived pain and expressed empathy. Benevolent and malevolent intentions were evaluated respectively as morally right or wrong, but their impact on the patient was diminished for the robotic avatar. Contrary to dehumanisation predictions, our manipulation of intentions failed to affect mind perception. Nonetheless, benevolent intentions reduced dehumanisation of the patients. Moreover, when pain and empathy were statistically controlled, the effect of intentions on mind perception was mediated by dehumanisation. These findings suggest that perceived intentions might only be indirectly tied to mind perception, and that their role may be better understood when additionally accounting for empathy and dehumanisation.

中文翻译：

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看到机器人的心智：伤害增强了心智感知，但仁慈的意图减少了视觉小插曲中人造实体的非人性化

根据道德类型转换理论，善行和恶行（代理人）在道德二元组中与他们行为的接受者（患者）互动。当这个二元组完成时，对故意伤害的阈值思维的思维归因会增强。然而，从非人性化的角度来看，恶意行为反而可能导致否定人性。为了对比这两种说法，一个视觉小插图实验（N = 253）描绘了对机器人或人类化身的恶意或善意意图。此外，我们通过将患者显示为受到伤害或仍然未受到伤害来检验危害显着性的作用。结果显示，通过感知到的疼痛和表达的同理心，对明显受到伤害的患者的心理归因显着增加。善意和恶意的意图分别被评价为道德上的对或错，但是对于机器人化身，它们对患者的影响减弱了。与非人化预测相反，我们对意图的操纵未能影响思维感知。尽管如此，善意的意图减少了对患者的非人性化。此外，当疼痛和同理心受到统计控制时，意图对心理感知的影响是通过非人化来调节的。这些发现表明，感知意图可能仅与心理感知间接相关，当另外考虑同理心和非人性化时，可能会更好地理解它们的作用。当疼痛和同理心被统计控制时，意图对心灵感知的影响是通过非人化来调节的。这些发现表明，感知意图可能仅与心理感知间接相关，当另外考虑同理心和非人性化时，可能会更好地理解它们的作用。当疼痛和同理心被统计控制时，意图对心灵感知的影响是通过非人化来调节的。这些发现表明，感知意图可能仅与心理感知间接相关，当另外考虑同理心和非人性化时，可能会更好地理解它们的作用。