Abstract Laser welding of transparent materials, including glasses, established in the recent years. This study reports the results of the theoretical with experimental validation to transient temperature and stress fields on bonding small glass pieces to solder glass by laser welding. A 3D finite element model of bonding small glass pieces to solder glass by laser welding is developed and validated with experimental micro-structural analysis. An influence of laser average power and welding speed on the temperature field and stress field during welding is studied. A range of average laser power and welding speed, with a standard of the appropriate temperatures and ultimate stresses of sealing during laser welding, are determined. The results show that in the range of laser average power of 45~75 W and welding speed of 1–2 mm/s, the heat source central temperature increases with an increase of laser average power or the decrease of welding speed, and the corresponding maximum temperature exceeds 650 °C. The maximum transient thermal stress is calculated to be 152 MPa, it appeared at the boundary of the upper glass interface. The boundary stress at the front end of the heat source and the transient thermal stress at the inflection point are larger than the transient thermal stress at the middle point. The experimental and theoretical results show that the melting layer has excellent morphology and mechanical properties at the average laser power of 65 W and welding speed of 90 mm/min, which is applicable for the bonding of small glass pieces to solder glass by laser welding.

中文翻译：

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通过激光焊接将小玻璃片与焊料玻璃粘合的瞬态温度和应力场：数值建模和实验验证

摘要 近年建立了包括玻璃在内的透明材料的激光焊接。本研究报告了通过激光焊接将小玻璃片粘合到焊料玻璃的瞬态温度和应力场的理论和实验验证结果。开发了一种通过激光焊接将小玻璃片粘合到焊料玻璃的 3D 有限元模型，并通过实验微结构分析进行了验证。研究了激光平均功率和焊接速度对焊接过程中温度场和应力场的影响。确定了一系列平均激光功率和焊接速度，以及激光焊接过程中适当温度和密封极限应力的标准。结果表明，在激光平均功率45~75 W、焊接速度1~2 mm/s范围内，热源中心温度随着激光平均功率的增加或焊接速度的降低而升高，相应的最高温度超过650℃。计算出的最大瞬态热应力为 152 MPa，它出现在上玻璃界面的边界处。热源前端的边界应力和拐点处的瞬态热应力大于中间点的瞬态热应力。实验和理论结果表明，在平均激光功率为 65 W 和焊接速度为 90 mm/min 时，熔化层具有优异的形貌和力学性能，适用于激光焊接小玻璃片与焊料玻璃的粘接。并且相应的最高温度超过650°C。计算出的最大瞬态热应力为 152 MPa，它出现在上玻璃界面的边界处。热源前端的边界应力和拐点处的瞬态热应力大于中间点的瞬态热应力。实验和理论结果表明，在平均激光功率为 65 W 和焊接速度为 90 mm/min 时，熔化层具有优异的形貌和力学性能，适用于激光焊接小玻璃片与焊料玻璃的粘接。并且相应的最高温度超过650°C。计算出的最大瞬态热应力为 152 MPa，它出现在上玻璃界面的边界处。热源前端的边界应力和拐点处的瞬态热应力大于中间点的瞬态热应力。实验和理论结果表明，在平均激光功率为 65 W 和焊接速度为 90 mm/min 时，熔化层具有优异的形貌和力学性能，适用于激光焊接小玻璃片与焊料玻璃的粘接。热源前端的边界应力和拐点处的瞬态热应力大于中间点的瞬态热应力。实验和理论结果表明，在平均激光功率为 65 W 和焊接速度为 90 mm/min 时，熔化层具有优异的形貌和力学性能，适用于激光焊接小玻璃片与焊料玻璃的粘接。热源前端的边界应力和拐点处的瞬态热应力大于中间点的瞬态热应力。实验和理论结果表明，在平均激光功率为 65 W 和焊接速度为 90 mm/min 时，熔化层具有优异的形貌和力学性能，适用于激光焊接小玻璃片与焊料玻璃的粘接。