Exploiting novel triboelectric nanogenerator (TENGs) with merits of high environmental adaptability, structural sustainability and multimode operating has gaied increasing attention. In this work, a conductive sponge (CS) electrode-brush-structured TENG is reported for the first time as a dual-mode mechanical energy harvester and self-powered sensor. The CS, prepared via a route of chemical plating followed with electroplating, has an interconnected porous network structure with high flexibility, elasticity and surface area. The implemented CS-based TENGs in both contact-separation and sliding mode achieve a high electrical performance, excellent mechanical response sensitivity, and environmental adaptability. Besides, a trajectory tracking sensor matrix has been demonstrated based on CS units. The superior real-time monitoring and integral trajectory recording, as well as the unique self-power, indicate the CS-based TENG has great potential in self-powered trajectory tracking. This study introduces a new TENG configuration that reveals a remarkable performance in energy harvesting and self-powered sensing, which provides a new approach to the future intelligent technology.

开发具有高环境适应性，结构可持续性和多模式运行等优点的新型摩擦电纳米发电机（TENG）引起了越来越多的关注。在这项工作中，首次报道了导电海绵（CS）电极刷结构的TENG作为双模式机械能量采集器和自供电传感器。通过化学镀和电镀的方法制备的CS具有互连的多孔网络结构，该结构具有高柔性，弹性和表面积。接触分离和滑动模式下已实现的基于CS的TENG均实现了高电气性能，出色的机械响应灵敏度和环境适应性。此外，基于CS单元演示了轨迹跟踪传感器矩阵。卓越的实时监控和整体轨迹记录以及独特的自供电能力，表明基于CS的TENG在自供电轨迹跟踪方面具有巨大潜力。这项研究引入了一种新的TENG配置，该配置揭示了在能量收集和自供电传感方面的卓越性能，这为未来的智能技术提供了一种新方法。