Straw biochar could improve the water holding capacity effectivity of salinized soil, increase soil fertili, enhance crop yield, reduce greenhouse gas emission, and mitigate climate change. The mechanism of using straw biochar for soil improvement is different under various climate and soil texture conditions. To explore the mechanism of using straw biochar to improve soil and its influence on crop yield in the typical arid and semi-arid, a large temperature difference between day and night, soil temperature at different depths, and physiological changes and crop yield of maize at different growth stages were studied. It is assumed that straw biochar can improve the properties of salinized soil including physicochemical indexes, and crop physiological index, stimulates the positive circulation between soil, vegetation, and microorganisms, and plays a role in improving soil quality. The results showed that biochar application increased the average soil temperature (T) by 2 °C and reduced day-night T differences. Application of 30 t/ha biochar increased the average maize leaf T by 2.2 °C and photosynthetic rate by 16.5%. Furthermore, the average transpiration rate doubled compared to control, and the chlorophyll value increased by 21%. The application of biochar improved the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer by enhancing ammonification. Biochar application caused a maximum overall yield increase of 11.9% compared to control treatment (CK). Therefore, these results provide a practical basis for improving weakly alkaline farmland soils in arid and semi-arid areas, and provide an effective method to potentially mitigate the environmental crisis and promote sustainable development in agriculture.

秸秆生物炭可以提高盐碱化土壤的持水效率，增加土壤肥力，提高农作物产量，减少温室气体排放，缓解气候变化。在各种气候和土壤质地条件下，使用秸秆生物炭进行土壤改良的机制是不同的。探讨在典型的干旱和半干旱地区，利用秸秆生物炭改良土壤的机理及其对作物产量的影响，昼夜温差大，不同深度的土壤温度，以及玉米的生理变化和作物产量研究了不同的生长阶段。假设秸秆生物炭可以改善盐碱化土壤的物理化学指标和作物生理指标，并促进土壤，植被和微生物之间的正循环，并在改善土壤质量方面发挥作用。结果表明，生物炭的施用将平均土壤温度（T）提高了2°C，并减少了昼夜T差异。施用30吨/公顷的生物炭使玉米平均叶片T增加2.2°C，光合速率提高16.5％。此外，平均蒸腾速率比对照提高了一倍，叶绿素值增加了21％。生物炭的应用通过增强氨化提高了氮肥的利用率。与对照处理（CK）相比，生物炭的施用使最大总产量增加了11.9％。因此，这些结果为改善干旱和半干旱地区的弱碱性农田土壤提供了实践依据，