A series of boehmite microspheres with highly effective adsorption performance for Congo red (CR) were successfully prepared via amides assisted hydrothermal method at 180 °C. Effects of dosages and hydrolysates of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), amides species including DMF, N-methylformamide (MF) and formamide (FA), and reaction times on their physicochemical properties were studied in detail. It was found that increase on their crystallinity and shell thickness results from the different hydrolysis rates of the amides; amorphous alumina hydrate, boehmite core-shell structure and hollow microspheres were obtained at hydrothermal times of 60, 140 and 360 min, respectively due to the Ostwald ripening. Especially, dimethylamine (DMA) as a hydrolysate of DMF, can effectively regulate the morphologies of the boehmites together with the sulfate ions, and make their pore sizes distribution (PSD) centering at 3–4 nm. Importantly, the boehmite microspheres with specific surface area of 221.3 m²/g shows the maximum adsorption capacity of 847.5 mg/g for CR calculated from Langmuir isotherm model, and its adsorption amount reached a high value of 484.1 mg/g at 60 min due to the mentioned PSD. This template-free hydrothermal method using DMF as precipitant provides an alternative approach for preparing high-performance hydrated alumina for environmental applications.

通过酰胺辅助水热法在180℃成功制备了一系列对刚果红（CR）具有高效吸附性能的勃姆石微球。N，N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF），包括DMF，N在内的酰胺种类的剂量和水解产物的影响-甲基甲酰胺（MF）和甲酰胺（FA），以及反应时间对其理化性质的详细研究。已经发现，由于酰胺的不同水解速率，导致它们的结晶度和壳厚度的增加。由于奥斯特瓦尔德熟化，分别在60、140和360分钟的水热时间获得了无定形氧化铝水合物，勃姆石核-壳结构和中空微球。特别是，二甲胺（DMA）作为DMF的水解产物，可以有效地调节勃姆石与硫酸根离子的形态，并使它们的孔径分布（PSD）集中在3-4 nm。重要的是，比表面积为221.3 m ²的勃姆石微球/ g表示从Langmuir等温模型计算得出的CR的最大吸附容量为847.5 mg / g，由于上述PSD，其吸附量在60分钟时达到了484.1 mg / g的高值。这种使用DMF作为沉淀剂的无模板水热方法为制备适用于环境应用的高性能水合氧化铝提供了另一种方法。