Abstract The flapping dynamics of multiple wall-mounted flexible flags vertically clamped in a heated channel and their effects on heat transfer performance were explored numerically. The fluid-structure-thermal interaction between the flapping flexible flags and the surrounding fluid was modeled with the penalty immersed boundary method. The vortex mixing process was examined to analyze their effects on heat transfer enhancement. The effects of varying the gap distance G/d, the reduced distance d/L, the bending rigidity γ, the channel height H/L and the Reynolds number Re on heat transfer enhancement were scrutinized to optimize cooling, where the flag length is L. The thermal enhancement factor was determined to assess both the heat transfer enhancement benefit and the pressure drop penalty. The asymmetric flag configuration G/d = 0.5 results in better cooling performance than the symmetric configuration G/d = 0 because of the resulting thermal mixing of the cold mainstream and the near-wall hot fluid. More flags can be clamped inside the channel by varying the reduced distance d/L. Multiple flags with γ = 0.04 provide the maximum convective heat transfer at Re = 600. Increasing the blockage ratio, i.e. the ratio of the cross-sectional height occupied by the flags to the channel height, enhances the friction factor.

中文翻译：

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通过使用多个壁挂式柔性标志增强泊肃叶通道流中的传热

摘要 数值研究了垂直夹持在加热通道中的多个壁挂式柔性旗的扑动动力学及其对传热性能的影响。用惩罚浸入边界法模拟了摆动的柔性旗与周围流体之间的流固耦合。检查涡流混合过程以分析它们对传热增强的影响。仔细研究了改变间隙距离 G/d、减小的距离 d/L、弯曲刚度 γ、通道高度 H/L 和雷诺数 Re 对传热增强的影响以优化冷却，其中标志长度为 L . 确定热增强因子以评估传热增强益处和压降损失。非对称标志配置 G/d = 0。由于冷主流和近壁热流体的热混合，图 5 导致比对称配置 G/d = 0 更好的冷却性能。通过改变减小的距离 d/L，可以在通道内夹住更多的标志。γ = 0.04 的多个标志在 Re = 600 时提供最大的对流热传递。增加堵塞比，即标志占据的横截面高度与通道高度的比率，提高了摩擦系数。