Abstract Studies of the evolution of drainage systems in extensional settings like the Basin and Range Province of western North America benefit from well drilling as a means of acquiring valuable insight. Cuttings from two wells drilled into sediments of the Phoenix metropolitan region, Arizona, USA, offer new insights into the drainage history of the Salt and Verde river drainage basins. Analyses of detrital zircons with U Pb dating reveal a different signature for Ancestral Salt River Deposits (ASRD) as compared to the underlying basin fill. Trace element, 87Sr/86Sr ratios, and electron microprobe analyses of basalt fragments in the basal deposits of the ASRD in two different wells from Mesa, Arizona, show matches for outcrop sources near Bartlett Dam in the Verde drainage and near Stewart Mountain Dam in the Salt drainage. This indicates that the Salt and Verde rivers were transporting these basalts when the Salt River first flowed into the metropolitan Phoenix area. We employed tephrochronology to determine that the 3.3-Ma Nomlaki tuff accumulated in closed-basin playa deposits located near the present-day junction of the Salt and Verde rivers, providing a maximum-limiting age for the integration of both rivers. Because the age of mountains crossed by the Salt and Verde rivers pre-date 12 cm/yr across multiple bedrock uplands; and (iv) Mescal Limestone clasts on the highest Salt River strath terrace cannot be explained by headward erosion. However, all analyzed evidence are consistent with the process of lake overflow. Based on our findings and the use of geomorphic criteria ( Douglass et al., 2009 ), we conclude that lake overflow is the most likely cause of drainage integration of both the Salt River and the Verde River.

中文翻译：

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排水整合研究的起源：来自亚利桑那州中南部凤凰城都市区的案例研究

摘要 北美西部盆地和山脉省等伸展环境中排水系统演变的研究受益于钻井作为获得宝贵见解的手段。在美国亚利桑那州凤凰城大都市区的沉积物中钻探的两口井的钻屑为了解盐河和佛得河流域的排水历史提供了新的见解。用 U Pb 测年分析碎屑锆石揭示了与下伏盆地填充物相比，祖先盐河沉积物 (ASRD) 的不同特征。来自亚利桑那州梅萨的两口不同井中 ASRD 基底沉积物中玄武岩碎片的微量元素、87Sr/86Sr 比率和电子微探针分析显示，佛得角排水系统中巴特利特大坝附近和斯图尔特山大坝附近的露头来源匹配排盐。这表明当盐河首次流入凤凰城大都市地区时，盐河和佛得河正在运输这些玄武岩。我们采用了地质年代学方法来确定 3.3-Ma Nomlaki 凝灰岩在位于现今 Salt 和 Verde 河交汇处附近的封闭盆地海滩沉积物中积累，为两条河流的融合提供了最大限制年龄。因为盐河和佛得河穿越的山脉年龄早于 12 厘米/年，跨越多个基岩高地；(iv) 最高盐河地层阶地上的 Mescal 石灰岩碎屑不能用向前侵蚀来解释。然而，所有分析的证据都与湖泊溢流的过程一致。基于我们的发现和地貌标准的使用（Douglass et al., 2009），