Abstract Equitable energy supply planning is nearly impossible in regions with limited data availability. Lack of representation among marginalised populations can perpetuate existing structural and socio-cultural inequities, despite aggregate improvements to energy supply. In Nepal, this represents an acute challenge for the 460 rural municipalities recently tasked with improving supply provision for their constituents. Since the last census in 2011, the country has undergone significant political changes as well as suffering several natural catastrophes. In this context, data collection and analysis methods are needed to support local decision makers in developing equitable energy supply improvement plans. This work highlights the role of disaggregated household energy supply measurement to capture contextual inequities that are typically lost in national or state level aggregates. Methods for efficiently collecting and analysing spatially representative household energy access survey data are described. Application and analysis of household surveys (N = 2357) across six rural municipalities in Sudurpashchim Pradesh, far western Nepal, reveals severe geographic and wealth-related inequalities in energy supply provision and associated burden. The results enable municipal planners to not only understand the magnitude, but also the spatial dimension of the supply deficit. Disaggregated measurement is crucial for transparent and equitable energy supply improvement planning.

中文翻译：

---

分类家庭能源供应测量，以支持尼泊尔农村公平的市政能源规划

摘要 在数据有限的地区，公平的能源供应规划几乎是不可能的。尽管能源供应总体上有所改善，但边缘化人群中缺乏代表性可能会使现有的结构性和社会文化不平等现象长期存在。在尼泊尔，这对最近负责改善其选民供应的 460 个农村城市来说是一个严峻的挑战。自 2011 年上次人口普查以来，该国经历了重大的政治变革，并遭受了几次自然灾害。在这种情况下，需要数据收集和分析方法来支持地方决策者制定公平的能源供应改善计划。这项工作强调了分解家庭能源供应测量的作用，以捕捉通常在国家或州级总量中丢失的背景不平等。描述了有效收集和分析具有空间代表性的家庭能源获取调查数据的方法。对尼泊尔西部 Sudurpashchim Pradesh 六个农村城市的住户调查 (N = 2357) 的应用和分析揭示了能源供应和相关负担方面与地理和财富相关的严重不平等。结果使市政规划人员不仅能够了解供应短缺的规模，而且能够了解供应短缺的空间维度。分类测量对于透明和公平的能源供应改进计划至关重要。描述了有效收集和分析具有空间代表性的家庭能源获取调查数据的方法。对尼泊尔西部 Sudurpashchim Pradesh 六个农村城市的住户调查 (N = 2357) 的应用和分析揭示了能源供应和相关负担方面与地理和财富相关的严重不平等。结果使市政规划人员不仅能够了解供应短缺的规模，而且能够了解供应短缺的空间维度。分类测量对于透明和公平的能源供应改进计划至关重要。描述了有效收集和分析具有空间代表性的家庭能源获取调查数据的方法。对尼泊尔西部 Sudurpashchim Pradesh 六个农村城市的住户调查 (N = 2357) 的应用和分析揭示了能源供应和相关负担方面与地理和财富相关的严重不平等。结果使市政规划人员不仅能够了解供应短缺的规模，而且能够了解供应短缺的空间维度。分类测量对于透明和公平的能源供应改进计划至关重要。揭示了能源供应和相关负担方面与地理和财富相关的严重不平等。结果使市政规划人员不仅能够了解供应短缺的规模，而且能够了解供应短缺的空间维度。分类测量对于透明和公平的能源供应改进计划至关重要。揭示了能源供应和相关负担方面与地理和财富相关的严重不平等。结果使市政规划人员不仅能够了解供应短缺的规模，而且能够了解供应短缺的空间维度。分类测量对于透明和公平的能源供应改进计划至关重要。