Poultry litter is one of the main sources of fluoroquinolones (FQs) in agricultural soils. In this study, our main goal was to investigate FQ-contaminated poultry litter effects on Eisenia andrei earthworms. To achieve this, acute and chronic tests covered several endpoints, such as avoidance, biomass, lethality, reproduction and changes to immune cells. FQs (enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin) were determined in a poultry litter sample through high performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector. The avoidance test indicates that poultry litter strongly repels earthworms, even at the lowest concentration (50 g kg⁻¹). In the acute test, the lethal concentration of poultry litter to 50% of the earthworms (LC₅₀), was estimated at 28.5 g kg⁻¹ and a significant biomass loss (p < 0.05) occurred at 40 g kg⁻¹. In the chronic test, a significant reproduction effect was observed at 20 g kg⁻¹. Cell typing, density and feasibility indicated significant effects ranging from 5 to 20 g kg⁻¹. A high risk quotient was estimated based on recommended poultry litter applications in field studies. Although FQ contamination in poultry litter and soils has been widely reported in previous studies, this is, to the best of our knowledge, the first toxicological assessment concerning earthworms exposed to FQ-contaminated poultry litter.

家禽垃圾是农业土壤中氟喹诺酮类（FQs）的主要来源之一。在这项研究中，我们的主要目标是研究FQ污染的家禽垃圾对Eisenia andrei worm的影响。为了实现这一目标，急性和慢性测试涵盖了多个终点，例如回避，生物量，致死性，繁殖和免疫细胞的变化。通过带有荧光检测器的高效液相色谱法测定家禽垫料样品中的FQ（恩诺沙星和环丙沙星）。回避测试表明，即使在最低浓度（50 g kg ^-1）下，家禽垫料也能强烈排斥earth 。在急性试验中，家禽凋落物的致死浓度为50的50％（LC ₅₀）估计为28.5 g kg ^-1，而40 g kg ^-1发生了明显的生物量损失（p <0.05）。在慢性试验中，在20g kg ^-1下观察到显着的繁殖效果。细胞的类型，密度和可行性表明，其显着影响范围为5至20 g kg ^-1。根据实地研究中推荐的家禽垫料应用估算出高风险商。尽管在先前的研究中已经广泛报道了家禽垫料和土壤中的FQ污染，但是据我们所知，这是关于暴露于FQ污染的家禽垫料中的worm的首次毒理学评估。