Heparin is a naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan from livestock, principally porcine intestine, and is clinically used as an anticoagulant drug. A limitation to heparin production is that it depends on a single animal species and potential problems have been associated with animal-derived heparin. The contamination crisis in 2008 led to a search for new animal sources and the investigation of non-animal sources of heparin. Over the past 5 years, new animal sources, chemical, and chemoenzymatic methods have been introduced to prepare heparin-based drugs. In this review, we describe advances in the preparation and synthesis of heparin and related products.

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肝素及相关产品的制备与合成进展[J].

肝素是一种来自牲畜，主要是猪肠道的天然糖胺聚糖，临床上用作抗凝药物。肝素生产的一个限制是它依赖于单一的动物物种，并且潜在的问题与动物源性肝素有关。2008 年的污染危机导致人们开始寻找新的动物来源并调查非动物来源的肝素。在过去的 5 年中，新的动物来源、化学和化学酶学方法被引入以制备基于肝素的药物。在这篇综述中，我们描述了肝素及相关产品的制备和合成方面的进展。