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Life cycle assessment in the building design process – A systematic literature review
Building and Environment ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.107274
Matthew Roberts , Stephen Allen , David Coley

Abstract Buildings contribute a significant portion of global greenhouse gas emissions and have the potential for large-scale impact reductions. Reducing the whole-life impacts of buildings is critical for creating a net-zero carbon built environment. For this to be achieved, the whole-life carbon impacts of design decisions must be considered during the building design process. A systematic review of academic literature was conducted to assess how life cycle assessment (LCA) is incorporated at various stages of the building design process, and what improvements are needed to support net-zero carbon design. The review compiled 274 papers that were published up to the end of 2019, of which 108 were subject to detailed review following screening. The review found that LCA is generally used late in the design process, when it is too late to greatly influence the design. Incorporating LCA with either building information modelling or life cycle costing is seen to have the same challenges as undertaking a traditional LCA. Parametric methods show promise for design development, but tools and algorithms require further verification and regionalisation to be implemented throughout industry. The use of benchmarks, target values and other pre-populated information can be used to incorporate life-cycle thinking without the need to undertake a detailed LCA. The review has demonstrated that LCA continues to face barriers, in both methods and practice, preventing its ability to guide early-stage design decisions and have a large impact on the environmental performance of buildings.

中文翻译:

建筑设计过程中的生命周期评估——系统文献综述

摘要 建筑物占全球温室气体排放量的很大一部分,并具有大规模减少影响的潜力。减少建筑对整个生命周期的影响对于创造净零碳建筑环境至关重要。为了实现这一点,必须在建筑设计过程中考虑设计决策的整个生命周期的碳影响。对学术文献进行了系统审查,以评估如何将生命周期评估 (LCA) 纳入建筑设计过程的各个阶段,以及需要进行哪些改进以支持净零碳设计。审查汇编了截至 2019 年底发表的 274 篇论文,其中 108 篇经过筛选后进行详细审查。审查发现LCA一般在设计过程后期使用,当为时已晚对设计产生重大影响时。将 LCA 与建筑信息建模或生命周期成本计算相结合被认为与进行传统 LCA 面临相同的挑战。参数方法显示出设计开发的前景,但工具和算法需要在整个行业中实施进一步验证和区域化。可以使用基准、目标值和其他预先填充的信息来整合生命周期思维,而无需进行详细的 LCA。审查表明,LCA 在方法和实践方面继续面临障碍,阻碍其指导早期设计决策的能力,并对建筑物的环境性能产生重大影响。将 LCA 与建筑信息建模或生命周期成本计算相结合被认为与进行传统 LCA 面临相同的挑战。参数方法显示出设计开发的前景,但工具和算法需要在整个行业中实施进一步验证和区域化。可以使用基准、目标值和其他预先填充的信息来整合生命周期思维,而无需进行详细的 LCA。审查表明,LCA 在方法和实践方面继续面临障碍,阻碍其指导早期设计决策的能力,并对建筑物的环境性能产生重大影响。将 LCA 与建筑信息建模或生命周期成本计算相结合被认为与进行传统 LCA 面临相同的挑战。参数方法显示出设计开发的前景,但工具和算法需要在整个行业中实施进一步验证和区域化。可以使用基准、目标值和其他预先填充的信息来整合生命周期思维,而无需进行详细的 LCA。审查表明,LCA 在方法和实践方面继续面临障碍,阻碍其指导早期设计决策的能力,并对建筑物的环境性能产生重大影响。但是工具和算法需要在整个行业中实施进一步验证和区域化。可以使用基准、目标值和其他预先填充的信息来整合生命周期思维,而无需进行详细的 LCA。审查表明,LCA 在方法和实践方面继续面临障碍,阻碍其指导早期设计决策的能力,并对建筑物的环境性能产生重大影响。但是工具和算法需要在整个行业中实施进一步验证和区域化。可以使用基准、目标值和其他预先填充的信息来整合生命周期思维,而无需进行详细的 LCA。审查表明,LCA 在方法和实践方面继续面临障碍,阻碍其指导早期设计决策的能力,并对建筑物的环境性能产生重大影响。
更新日期:2020-11-01
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