The increased use of opioids to treat pain has led to a dramatic increase in opioid abuse. Our previous data indicate that pain may facilitate the development of opioid abuse by increasing the magnitude and duration of opioid withdrawal. The present study tested the hypothesis that social housing would facilitate recovery of activity depressed by pain and opioid withdrawal. Male Sprague Dawley rats were housed either in pairs or alone and then moved to a cage with a running wheel for 6 h daily to assess pain- and opioid withdrawal-induced depression of wheel running. Rats were implanted with two morphine (75 mg each) or placebo pellets to induce opioid dependence and were simultaneously injected with Complete Freund’s Adjuvant or saline into the right hind paw to induce persistent inflammatory pain. Hind paw inflammation depressed wheel running whether rats were implanted with a morphine or placebo pellet. Pair-housed rats showed greater recovery of wheel running than individually housed rats. Spontaneous morphine withdrawal precipitated by removal of the morphine pellets caused a reduction in wheel running that was greater in rats with hind paw inflammation compared to pain free rats. Social housing facilitated recovery from withdrawal in rats with hind paw inflammation, but slowed recovery in pain free rats. These data suggest that social housing facilitates recovery by reducing pain both before and during opioid withdrawal. Our findings are consistent with previous studies showing that social buffering reduces pain-evoked responses.

越来越多地使用阿片类药物治疗疼痛导致阿片类药物滥用急剧增加。我们之前的数据表明，疼痛可能通过增加阿片类药物戒断的幅度和持续时间来促进阿片类药物滥用的发展。本研究检验了以下假设：社会住房将促进因疼痛和阿片类药物戒断而抑制的活动的恢复。雄性 Sprague Dawley 大鼠成对或单独饲养，然后每天移动到带有跑步轮的笼子里 6 小时，以评估疼痛和阿片类药物戒断引起的轮跑抑制。大鼠被植入两种吗啡（每只 75 毫克）或安慰剂药丸以诱导阿片类药物依赖，同时向右后爪注射完全弗氏佐剂或盐水以诱导持续的炎症性疼痛。无论大鼠是否植入吗啡或安慰剂颗粒，后爪炎症都会抑制轮子的运行。成对饲养的老鼠比单独饲养的老鼠表现出更大的车轮运行恢复。与无痛大鼠相比，通过去除吗啡小丸沉淀的自发吗啡戒断导致车轮跑动减少，这在后爪炎症大鼠中更大。社会住房有助于后爪炎症大鼠从戒断中恢复，但减慢无痛大鼠的恢复。这些数据表明，社会住房通过减少阿片类药物戒断前和戒断期间的疼痛来促进康复。我们的研究结果与之前的研究一致，表明社交缓冲会减少疼痛诱发的反应。成对饲养的老鼠比单独饲养的老鼠表现出更大的车轮运行恢复。与无痛大鼠相比，通过去除吗啡小丸沉淀的自发吗啡戒断导致车轮跑动减少，这在后爪炎症大鼠中更大。社会住房促进了后爪炎症大鼠从戒断中恢复，但减缓了无痛大鼠的恢复。这些数据表明，社会住房通过减少阿片类药物戒断前和戒断期间的疼痛来促进康复。我们的研究结果与之前的研究一致，表明社交缓冲会减少疼痛诱发的反应。成对饲养的老鼠比单独饲养的老鼠表现出更大的车轮运行恢复。与无痛大鼠相比，通过去除吗啡小丸沉淀的自发吗啡戒断导致车轮跑动减少，这在后爪炎症大鼠中更大。社会住房有助于后爪炎症大鼠从戒断中恢复，但减慢无痛大鼠的恢复。这些数据表明，社会住房通过减少阿片类药物戒断前和戒断期间的疼痛来促进康复。我们的研究结果与之前的研究一致，表明社交缓冲会减少疼痛诱发的反应。与无痛大鼠相比，通过去除吗啡小丸沉淀的自发吗啡戒断导致车轮跑动减少，这在后爪炎症大鼠中更大。社会住房有助于后爪炎症大鼠从戒断中恢复，但减慢无痛大鼠的恢复。这些数据表明，社会住房通过减少阿片类药物戒断前和戒断期间的疼痛来促进康复。我们的研究结果与之前的研究一致，表明社交缓冲会减少疼痛诱发的反应。与无痛大鼠相比，通过去除吗啡小丸沉淀的自发吗啡戒断导致车轮跑动减少，这在后爪炎症大鼠中更大。社会住房促进了后爪炎症大鼠从戒断中恢复，但减缓了无痛大鼠的恢复。这些数据表明，社会住房通过减少阿片类药物戒断前和戒断期间的疼痛来促进康复。我们的研究结果与之前的研究一致，表明社交缓冲会减少疼痛诱发的反应。