Investigation of neutron-induced background was carried out by studying interactions of cosmic-ray neutrons with an HPGe detector inside its shield placed on a ground floor of a 3-storey building. The study was conducted experimentally and by Monte Carlo simulations using GEANT4 simulation tool. Detailed analysis of measured background γ-ray spectra showed that many γ-lines visible in the spectra were induced by neutrons. The majority of detected γ-rays originated in germanium, copper, lead and tin. Iron and aluminium components were less important background sources. Inelastic scattering and neutron capture were the most often occurring processes of neutron interactions with the detector and its shielding. The contamination by natural radionuclides, specifically of ⁴⁰K, ²¹⁴Pb, ²¹⁴Bi and ²⁰⁸Tl, was also present in the background spectra. Nevertheless, approximately 35% of ²⁰⁸Tl peak at the energy of 2614.51 keV was produced by inelastic scattering of neutrons on ²⁰⁸Pb nuclei. The experimental background was compared with GEANT4 simulations, which were carried out without and with the shielding layer of the building. The final integral counting rates for measured spectrum in the energy range from 50 keV to 2875 keV was 1.26 ± 0.07 s⁻¹ and for simulated one 1.25 ± 0.13 s⁻¹, indicating very good agreement with the experiment.

中子诱发本底的研究是通过研究宇宙射线中子与位于三层建筑物底楼的屏蔽罩内的HPGe探测器的相互作用而进行的。该研究是通过实验进行的，并使用GEANT4仿真工具通过Monte Carlo仿真进行。对所测量的本底γ射线光谱的详细分析表明，光谱中可见的许多γ线是中子引起的。探测到的大部分γ射线起源于锗，铜，铅和锡。铁和铝成分不太重要。非弹性散射和中子捕获是中子与探测器及其屏蔽之间相互作用最常发生的过程。天然放射性核素的污染，特别是^{4 0} K，²¹⁴在背景光谱中也存在Pb，²¹⁴ Bi和²⁰⁸ Tl。然而，通过在²⁰⁸ Pb原子核上中子的非弹性散射，在2614.51 keV能量处产生了²⁰⁸ T1峰的约35％。将实验背景与GEANT4模拟进行了比较，GEANT4模拟在不使用建筑物屏蔽层的情况下进行。在50 keV至2875 keV的能量范围内，所测频谱的最终积分计数率为1.26±0.07 s ^-1和模拟的1.25±0.13 s ^-1，表明与实验非常吻合。