The reduction of emissions generated by internal combustion engines represents one of the most important research topics in the marine sector. This especially refers to carbon dioxide (CO₂) which is a major greenhouse gas. This paper deals with the viability of alternative fuels to reduce CO₂ emissions in the Croatian short-sea shipping sector over a ship lifetime. The aim of the study is to identify appropriate alternatives to diesel-powered options, taking account of environmental and economic criteria. Besides diesel, which is currently the main marine fuel in Croatia, an analysis was conducted of electricity, methanol, dimethyl ether, natural gas, hydrogen and biodiesel, and the results are illustrated on three different Croatian ro-ro passenger ships, operating on short, moderate and relatively long routes, respectively. Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) indicated the most environmentally friendly power system configuration with alternative fuel. The investigation from an economical point of view was performed by Life-Cycle Cost Assessment (LCCA) which also considered potential carbon allowance scenarios. The results highlighted an electricity-powered ship as the most ecological as well as the most cost-effective option among those that are investigated, taking account of the real Croatian electricity mix that includes 46% of renewable sources.

减少内燃发动机产生的排放是海洋领域最重要的研究课题之一。这尤其是指二氧化碳（CO ₂），它是一种主要的温室气体。本文探讨了替代燃料降低CO ₂的可行性克罗地亚短途航运领域在船舶使用寿命中的排放量。该研究的目的是在考虑环境和经济标准的情况下，确定柴油动力选项的合适替代品。除了目前是克罗地亚主要的船用燃料柴油以外，还对电力，甲醇，二甲醚，天然气，氢和生物柴油进行了分析，并以三种不同的克罗地亚滚装客船对结果进行了说明，它们在短途航行，中度和相对较长的路线。生命周期评估（LCA）显示了使用替代燃料的最环保的电力系统配置。从经济角度进行调查是由生命周期成本评估（LCCA）进行的，该评估还考虑了潜在的碳配额方案。